Microsoft word - 02_prof. williams p.-whole cv-201112.doc

Professor Peter Anthony Williams
DSc PhD CChem FRSC
Home address:
24 Parc Gorsedd, Gorsedd, Holywell, Flintshire,
Work address:
Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham, LL11 2AW Tel 01978 293083 Fax 01978 290008
EDUCATION
Graduated at the North East Wales Institute [now Glyndwr University] in 1975 (GRSC Part II
with commendation-equivalent to BSc First Class Honours). Awarded the Royal Society of
Chemistry Area Prize for best student.
Awarded the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by the University of Salford in 1982. Thesis title
"Adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto barium sulphate."
Awarded the titles Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry and Chartered Chemist in 1980
and Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 1991.
Awarded a Personal Chair, in Polymer and Colloid Chemistry, at The North East Wales
Institute, 1996.
Awarded Doctor of Science by the University of Salford, 2009

EMPLOYMENT
Glyndwr University
Appointed as Research Scientist in 1978, Senior Research Scientist in 1986, Reader in 1990
and Professor, Polymer and Colloid Chemistry in 1996.
Established the Polymer and Colloid Chemistry Group in 1986 which later became the Centre
for Water Soluble Polymers (CWSP) in 1994 following the award of Centre of Expertise
status by the Welsh Development Agency.
Appointed Head of the Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation Centre, 1993. The Centre
included a number of research groups (including CWSP) and consisted of more than 60
personnel including staff, postdoctoral researchers and postgraduate students.
Acting Head of Science (Research) 2004 and currently Director of the Materials Science
Research Centre.
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RESEARCH
Research interests :

The main research focus has been concerned with the synthesis, characterisation, properties
and applications of a broad range of natural and synthetic water soluble polymers.
-Chemical characterisation. We have made considerable advances in determining the
molecular structure of the complex polysaccharide, gum arabic by developing procedures to
fractionate the gum (ion exchange and hydrophobic affinity chromatography) and by
performing alkaline and enzyme hydrolysis studies. We have isolated and characterized a
specific arabinogalactan-protein fraction responsible for the gum's emulsification properties. A
similar approach has more recently been applied to sugar beet pectin which also shows
potential as an food emulsifier.
-Physicochemical characterisation. Studies have included the determination of the
hydrodynamic size, molecular mass and molecular mass distribution of polymers using
dynamic light scattering and gel permeation chromatography coupled with various detectors
(multiangle laser light scattering, photon correlation spectroscopy, refractive index and UV
absorbance) to gain information about the size and shape of macromolecules. A recent
project has involved the development of a new integrated flow field flow fractionation
multiangle laser light scattering system to determine the molecular mass distribution of very
high molecular mass biopolymers and synthetic flocculants.
-Properties of polymer solutions. Novel associative thickeners have been synthesised and
their shear flow and viscoelastic behaviour and interactions with surfactants determined.
Significant progress has been made in the measurement and modelling of the extensional
flow properties of a variety of polymer systems. Polymer conformation (polysaccharide coil-
helix transitions) and gelation mechanisms have been studied using the ESR nitroxide spin
label/spin probe technique and differential scanning calorimetry. This has also enabled
significant progress to be made in understanding the nature of the interactions in mixed
polysaccharide systems and the development of novel gel structures.
-Adsorption of polymers at surfaces. Studies have been undertaken on a wide range of
polymers and substrates. Work has mainly involved determination of adsorption isotherms
and the use of ESR spectroscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence
techniques to monitor the configuration of polymers adsorbed at the solid-liquid interface and
to study polymer/polymer and polymer/surfactant competition. Particular emphasis has been
paid to the effect of adsorbed layer characteristics on the stability and rheological properties
of concentrated suspensions. Significant advances have been made in the understanding of
polyelectrolyte adsorption. Recent work has involved the development of novel food
emulsifiers based on polysaccharide-protein complexes.
-Phase behaviour in polymer/polymer, polymer/particle and polymer/surfactant mixtures. Work
has involved an experimental investigation of the flocculation of particles by non-adsorbed
polymer and the phase behaviour of mixed systems. Phase separation and colloid
aggregation have been explained on a theoretical basis by polymer depletion theories. It has
been demonstrated that liquid –liquid phase separation can be used to separate proteins from
mixtures. Studies have also been undertaken to investigate how phase separation processes
can be exploited in order to produce novel gel structures for food and other applications.
Publications:

Published over 180 scientific papers and edited ~ 37 books. A full list is appended.
Research Grants:

EPSRC Cooperative Award in conjuction with Unilever Research "Selective phase separation
in macromolecular systems" (1989/92 £78K)
EPSRC Capital Equipment Award "The use of ESR spectroscopy to monitor the molecular
motion of polymers in solution" (1989/92 £120K).
BBSRC Cooperative Award in conjunction with Unilever Research "Application of surface and
colloid science to the separation of proteins and cells using macromolecules" (1992/96 £79K
plus overheads plus £15K industrial contribution).
EPSRC Cooperative Award in conjuction with Allied Colloids Ltd. "The use of hydrophobically-
associating water-soluble polymers in aqueous-based latex paints". (1993/96 £128K plus
overheads plus £48K industrial contribution).
Co-investigator of a Teaching Company Scheme in conjunction with Clwyd Refractory Fibres.
(1995/7 £80K)
Co- investigator in a MAFF funded project in conjunction with Oxford University involved in
the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for acacia senegal gum. (1995/8
£198K)
E.U Human Capital and Mobility Programme Water Soluble Polymer Network (1995/8 £25K)
Maelor Pharmaceuticals Ltd ‘’Aqueous solution properties of PEO-PPO-PEO triblock
polymers’ (£54K 1997/2000).
Chesham Chemicals Ltd ‘Development of novel natural gel systems for cosmetic application
(£33K 1997/2000)
Meyhall AG, Switzerland ‘Dissolution and rheological behaviour of guar gum’ (£15K
1996/1999)
PJ Colours (Teaching Company Scheme) ‘Rheology of concentrated iron oxide dispersions’.
(1999/2001 £75K)
Danisco Cultor, Denmark ‘Physicochemical properties of low methoxyl amidated pectin’ (£45K
1999/2003)
MAFF funded project in conjunction with UW Bangor ‘Starch granules destructurisation and
modification’. (2000/2002 £117K)

Knowledge Exploitation Fund ‘Development of novel gels for fishing bait’ (2002 £45K)
Colgate Palmolive, Belgium ‘The use of PEO comb polymers to inhibit microbial deposition’
(£50K 2000/2002)
Reckitt Benckiser (EPSRC CASE) ‘Inhibition of protein adsorption and particle deposition onto
surfaces’ (1999/2002)
Pilkington Technology Ltd (EPSRC CASE) ‘Control of the rheology of metal alkali silicate
dispersions’ (2000/2004)
EU CRAFT Award in conjunction with Optokem Instruments Ltd. "Development of novel
separation methods for food related polysaccharides based on flow field flow fractionation and
multiangle laser light scattering' (1997/2000 £200K)
EPSRC Cooperative Award in conjunction with Allied Colloids Ltd. "Shear and extensional
flow properties of aqueous polymer solutions and polymer-thickened dispersions" (1997/2000
£143K)
E.U CRAFT Award in conjunction with Russell Fine Chemicals "Pheremone control release"
(1999/2000 £300K).
Maelor Pharmaceuticals Ltd ‘Biopolymer systems for medical applications’ (£115K 2003/2006)

Maelor Pharmaceuticals Ltd Drug –laden hydrogels (EPSRC CASE 2003/2006)
Roger Needhams Ltd. ‘Characterisation and properties of printing inks’ KnowledgeTransfer
Partnership (£198K 2003/2007)
EPSRC ‘Polymeric additives to control the spraying and deposition of fluids’ (£171K
2003/2006)
Degussa Texturant Systems, France ‘ Emulsification properties of pectin’ (£15K 2003)
Pilkington Technology Ltd (Knowledge Transfer Partnership) Development of glazings (£92.7
2005/2007)
Almetron Ltd (Knowledge Transfer Partnership) Development of systems for metal finishing.
(£99K 2005/2007)
ICI Ltd ‘Characterisation of starch using asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation (EPSRC
CASE, 2004/2007)
BBSRC ‘ Elucidation of the molecular characteristics and emulsification properties of citrus
and sugar beet pectin’ (£149K 2005/ 2008)
San Ei Gen FFI, Japan, Polysaccharide – protein complexes as novel emulsifiers, (£50K 2005/2008) Knowledge Exploitation Fund (KEF). ‘Water soluble polymers in cosmetics’( £136K 2004/06) Lallemand UK Ltd, (Knowledge Transfer Partnership), ‘Development of novel clarifiers for the brewing industry,’ (£93K 2008/2010); Technology Strategy Board, ‘New improved muds from environmental sources’ (£284K,
2008/2011).
GlaxoSmithKline, ‘Development of an optimized formulation for powders’ (£64K, 2009/2010)
Technology Strategy Board ‘Sustainable technologies for chitosan and novel functional
derivatives’ (£104K, 2009/12)
Welsh Assembly Government ‘Industrial Biopolymers Knowledge Transfer Centre’ (£202K,
2009/2012)
Selected lectures at International Conferences:
‘Adsorption properties of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose’ Cellucon
Conference, Kyoto (1988)
‘Solution properties of a hydrophobically associating cellulosic polymers as studied by ESR
spectroscopy’ American Chemical Society, Boston (1990)
‘A spin probe study of the interaction of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose with
SDS’ American Chemical Society, New Orleans, USA (1991)
‘Mixed polysaccharide gels formed between xanthan gum and galactomannan’ International
Hydrocolloid Conference, Tsukuba, Japan (1992)
‘Phase separation in concentrated polymer–surfactant systems’ Cellucon Conference,
University of Lund, Sweden (1993)
‘Interaction of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose with surfactants’ Royal Society
of Chemistry, University of Strasbourg, France (1993)
‘Interactions in mixed polysaccharide systems’ International Hydrocolloid Conference
Columbus, USA, (1994)
‘Gels formed by the synergistic interaction between xanthan gum and gluco- and galacto-
mannans’, Japanese Rheological Society, Chiba, Japan (1994)
‘Phase behaviour in biopolymer mixtures’, Confectionery Meeting, Solingen (1995),
‘Interactions in mixed biopolymer systems’, Glikman Polysaccharide Workshop, Saratov
Russia (1996),
‘Structure – function properties of polysaccharides’, Rheology Workshop Valencia Spain
(1997),
‘Interaction between xanthan gum and konjac mannan studied by rheology and DSC’
Latin American Food Science Conference, Campinas, Brazil (1997)
‘Effect of dextran on the thermal and rheological properties of sago starch’ International
Hydrocolloid Conference, Osaka, Japan (1998)
‘Structural evaluation of gum from Acacia senegal’ Plant Physiology Symposium University of
California, USA (1999).
‘Effect of galactomannans on the thermal and rhgeological properties of sago starch’ International Food Science Conference, Seoul,South Korea (2001). ‘Structure-function properties of xanthan-glucomannan hydrogels’ International Symposium on Polysaccharide Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan (2003) ‘Interaction of SDS with nonionic polymers’ Royal Society of Chemistry, Polymer-surfactant interactions Conference, North east Wales Institute, UK (2003) ‘Interaction of Mn(II) ions with pectin and alginate’ 7th International Hydrocolloids Conference, University of Melbourne, Australia (2004) ‘Physicochemical characterization of the gum Arabic arabinogalactan-protein complex’ International Hydrocolloids Forum, North East Wales Institute, UK (2005) Emulsification properties of sugar beet pectin ‘Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry’ Conference, North East Wales Institute, UK, (2005) ‘Novel food polymer emulsifiers’, Water Soluble Polymers Conference, Scottsdale, USA, (2006) ‘Elucidation of the emulsification properties of sugar beet pectin’, 8th International Hydrocolloids Conference, Univeristy of Trondheim, Norway, (2006). ‘Emusifying properties of sugar beet pectin’, MACRO Iasi, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi Romania September (2007) ‘Soluble polysaccharide- protein complexes as emulsifiers’, MACRO Iasi Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi Romania, (2007). ‘Soluble gum Arabic - protein complexes as emulsifiers’, Delivery of functionality in complex
food systems, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA, (2007).
Williams, P.A. ‘Emulsification properties of polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein
complexes’ [Invited Plenary Lecture] 9th International Hydrocolloids Conference, Singapore,
June 2008
‘Molecular interactions of plant and algal polysaccharides’ Workshop St Tropez, June 2008
‘Adsorption of gum arabic, egg white protein and their complexes at the oil – water interface’
15th International Conference Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry, Glyndwr University,
2009

International research collaboration:

Awarded sponsorship by the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food and the
Organisation for EU/Japan Industrial Cooperation for working visits to the Industrial Products
Research Insitiute and Institute of Food Research in Tsukuba Japan.
Awarded funding by the British Council to develop research links with the University of Porto,
Portugal and INRA, France.
Awaded funding by the EU to establish a Water Soluble Polymers Network involving leading
researchers in University of Lund, Sweden, University of Wageningen, Netherlands, ESPCI,
France
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TEACHING
Masters Courses:

Developed the ‘Chemistry and technology of water soluble polymers’ module for the ‘Polymer
Science and Technology’ MRes and act as module leader.
Developed an MSc module in 'Industrial Water Soluble Polymers' through the EPSRC
Integrated Graduate Development Scheme for Continuing Professional Development which
was offered to Industry.
Established an MSc level Industrial CPD Course which has been run in conjunction with the
University of Nottingham ‘Fundamentals of hydrocolloid technology’ which received pump
priming funds from BBSRC.
Postgraduate student supervision:

Supervised 10 MPhil/MSc(by research) and 21 PhD students to completion.
MPhil / MSc (by research)

R.C. Randall
Protein and enzyme interactions in solution and at the silica-water interface (1988) Characterisation and functional properties of gum Arabic. (1988) The gelation of kappa carrageenan as studied by ESR spectroscopy (1988) The effect of non-adsorbed polymer on the stability of polystyrene lattices. (1992) [EPSRC CASE Shell Research Ltd] Emulsion structure and bacterial growth. (1996) [sponsored by Institute of Food Research] A comparison of the rheological properties of a hydrophobically associating polyelectrolyte and hydroxyethylcellulose. (2000) [sponsored by Allied Colloids Ltd] Interfacial rheology and emulsification properties of of gum Arabic.(2003) [sponsored by the Gum Arabic Company] Determination of the molecular mass distribution of starch. (2004) [sponsored by MAFF] Synthesis of PEO comb polmers and their adsorption onto calcium carbonate. (2004) [sponsored by Colgate Palmolive, Belgium] Control of the rheological properties of pigment dispersions using water soluble polymers. (2004) [sponsored by PJ Colours Ltd]
PhD

J.A. Wright
Factors influencing the adsorption of polyelctrolytes on barium Investigation into the biocompatibility of modified synthetic polymer surfaces. (1988) [EPSRC CASE, Palmer Research Ltd] Enhancement of repulsive forces in polyelectrolyte stabilised Dispersions .(1989) [EPSCR CASE, Unilever] Phase separation in polymer/particle mixtures. (1991) [EPSRC Unilever] Solution and adsorption properties of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose. (1992) [sponsored by Fuji Oil Company, Japan] Characterisation of gum Arabic using physical chemical The effect of electrolytes on the coil/helix conformational transition and gelation of gellan gum. (1998) The competitive adsorption of polymers and surfactants at the silica-water interface.(1997) [EPSRC CASE, Unilever] Rheological properties and free radical stability of cross-linked hyaluronan (1997) The solution properties of hydrophobically modified guar gum derivatives. (1997) [sponsored by Meyhall AG] Physicochemical and functional properties of gum Arabic (1997) [sponsored by Agrisales Ltd] Physicochemical characterisation and properties of sago starch. (1998) [sponsored by Commonwealth Commission] The synergistic interaction of xanthan gum with konjac glucomannan. (1999) [sponsored by Bunge Foods, USA] The solution and adsorption properties of a series of hydrophobically modified sodium polyacrylates. (1999) Novel fluid gels based on xanthan-mannan mixed systems. (2004) [sponsored by Chesham Chemicals Ltd] S. Robinson Inhibition of protein adsorption and particle deposition onto surfaces (2004) [EPSRC CASE, Reckitt Benckiser] Characterisation of Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal gums and purification of protein components.(2004) [BBSRC] Gelation behaviour of pectin and alginate. (2005) [sponsored by Danisco Cultor, Denmark] Rheological properties of borate cross-linked glucomannans. (2005) [EPSRC CASE, Maelor Pharmaceuticals] Drug laden amorphous hydrogels with poloxamer, F127, carboxymethylcellulose and propylene glycol. (2007) [EPSRC CASE, Maelor Phamaceuticals] Molar mass distribution of starch using flow field flow fractionation (2009) [EPSRC CASE, ICI Ltd]
Postgraduate student examination:

Have been External Examiner for over 40 PhD and MPhil examinations at a number of
Universities including:
University of Toronto, Canada, University of Lund, Sweden, ESPCI, France, INRA, Nantes,
France, Glasgow Caledonian University, University of Leeds, University of Manchester,
University of Bristol, University of Greenwich, Univeristy of Nottingham, University of Cranfield,
University of Norwich, University of Glamorgan, Bangor University, Cardiff University.


CONSULTANCY
Established and became Director of the Centre for Advanced and Renewable Materials in
collaboration with Bangor University under the Welsh Assembly Government Centre of
Excellence for Technology and Industrial Collaboration Programme (CETIC). The Centre
received £100K pa through this programme (2001/08) to facilitate technology transfer with
particular emphasis on involvement with Welsh Companies.
___________________________________________________________________
UNIVERSITY COMMITTEE WORK
Currently serve on the Academic Board, Research and Scholarship Committee (Vice Chair)
and Curriculum Planning and Strategy Committee. Have previously served on many other
committees including Academic Planning Committee (Chair), Research Degrees Committee,
Learning Teaching Assessment Committee, Standards and Quality Committee and External
Examiners Nominations Committee.
Led a Task and Finish Group of the Research and Scholarship Committee to develop the
University Strategic Plan for Research and Scholarship (2007-2012)
Played a leading role in the submission of the Chemistry Unit of Assessment in the 2001RAE
in conjunction with Bangor University. The submission achieved a rating of 3a and provided
the University with QR funding for the first time.
Led the submission of the Metallurgy and Materials Unit of Assessment in the 2008RAE and
achieved a rating of 4* (5%), 3* (30%), 2* (35%), 1* (30%).
___________________________________________________________________

EDITORSHIPS
Editor-in-Chief (and co-founder) of "Food Hydrocolloids" which is an International Journal
published by Elsevier Science Ltd . The Journal was initiated in 1985 and is concerned with
the characterisation, properties and applications of macromolecules used in foods. It is in the
top 10% of all Food Science Journals published having an Impact Factor of 2.511 in 2009.
Editorial Board Member of "Carbohydrate Polymers".
___________________________________________________________________

PEER REVIEW

Member of the EPSRC Peer Review College
Regularly invited to referee research grant proposals by EPSRC, BBSRC, Royal Society and
also from overseas organizations.
Regularly invited to referee papers for a number of international journals including,
Biomacromolecules, Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, Carbohydrate Polymers,
Carbohydrate Research, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.

ENGAGEMENT WITH LEARNED SOCIETIES AND CHARITABLE TRUSTS
Member (Past Chairman) of the Society of Chemical Industry "Colloid and Surface Chemistry
Group" (1998 to date). Presented with the Distinguished Service Award (2007).

Member (Past Honorary Treasurer) of the Royal Society of Chemistry "Colloid and Interface
Science Group" (1993-1998)
Co-Founder and Secretary of the Food Hydrocolloids Trust
(www.foodhydrocolloidstrust.org.uk) and Celllucon Trust (www.cellucontrust.org) established
to promote polysaccharide research through the organization of conferences.
CONFERENCE ORGANISATION

Organised over 30 international conferences on behalf of the Food Hydrocolloids and
Cellucon Trusts, the Royal Society of Chemistry and Society of Chemical Industry most of
which have been held at Glyndwr University.
Edited Books
Prog. Fd. Nutr. Sci., "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry" (Eds. G. O. Phillips, D. J. Wedlock and P. A. Williams). Pergamon Press Ltd., Oxford Vol 6 (1982). "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 2" (Eds., G. O. Phillips, D. J. Wedlock and P. A. Williams), Pergamon Press Ltd., Oxford (1984). "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 3" (Eds., G. O. Phillips, D. J. Wedlock and P. A. Williams), Elsevier Applied Science Publishers (1986). "Cellulose and its Derivatives" (Ed., J. F. Kennedy, G. O. Phillips, D. J. Wedlock and P. A. Williams), Ellis Horwood, Chichester, (1985). "Wood and Cellulosics" (Eds., J. F. Kennedy, G. O. Phillips and P. A. Williams), Ellis Horwood, Chichester, (1987). "Recent Developments in Ion Exchange" (Eds., P. A. Williams, M. Hudson), Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, (1987). "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 4" (Eds., G. O. Phillips, D. J. Wedlock and P. A. Williams), IRL Press (1988). "Wood Processing and Utilisation" (eds. J. F. Kennedy, G. O. Phillips and P. A. Williams) Ellis Horwood, Chichester (1989). "Cellulose: structural and functional aspects" (eds. J. F. Kennedy, G. O. Phillips, and P. A. Williams) Ellis Horwood, Chichester (1989). "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 5 (G. O. Phillips, D. J. Wedlock and P. A.Williams, Oxford University Press Ltd. (1990). "Recent developments in Ion Exchange 2" (eds P. A. Williams and M. Hudson) Elsevier Aplied Science Publishers (1990). "Cellulose: source and exploitation:" (eds. J. F. Kennedy, G. O. Phillips and P. A. Williams) Ellis Horwood Publishers (1991). "Food Safety and Quality Assurance: Application of immunoassay systems" (eds. Morgan M. R. A., Smith C.J. and Williams P. A.) Elsevier Applied Science Publishers (1992). "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 6" (eds Phillips G. O., Williams P. A. and Wedlock D. J.) Oxford University Press Ltd (1992). development and use" (eds Kennedy, J. F., Phillips, G. O. and Williams P. A.) Ellis Horwood Publishers (1992). "Cellulosics: Chemical, Biochemical and material Aspects" (eds Kennedy, J. F., Phillips, G. O. and Williams P. A.) Ellis Horwood Publishers (1993). "Cellulosics: Pulp, Fibre and Environmental Aspects" (eds Kennedy, J. F., Phillips, G. O. and Williams P. A.) Ellis Horwood Publishers (1993). "Cellulose;Materials for Selective Separations and Other Technologies " (eds Kennedy, J. F., Phillips, G. O. and Williams P. A.) Ellis Horwood Publishers (1993). "Ion Exchange Processes: Advances and Applications" (eds Dyer, A, Hudson, M. J. and Williams, P.A.) Royal Society of Chemistry Press (1993) "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 7" (eds Phillips G. O., Williams, P. A. and Wedlock D. J. ) Oxford University Press (1994). "Cellulose and cellulose derivatives: Physicochemical characteristics and industrial applications" (eds Kennedy, J.K., Phillips G. O.,Williams, P.A. and Piculell, L.) Woodhead Publishing Ltd Cambridge UK (1995). "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 8" (eds Phillips G. O., Williams, P. A. and Wedlock D. J. ) Oxford University Press (1996). "The chemistry and processing of wood and plant fibrous materials" (eds Kennedy, J.K., Phillips G. O.,Williams, P.A. and Piculell, L.) Woodhead Publishing Ltd Cambridge UK (1996). "Progress in ion exchange: Advances and applications"(eds Dyer A., Hudson M.J. and Williams, P.A.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (1997) "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 9" (eds.Williams, P. A. aand Phillips, G.O.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (1998). “Advances in ion exchange for Industry and Research” (eds P.A.Williams and A.Dyer), Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK (1999). "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 10" (eds Williams, P. A. and Phillips G.O.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (2000). “Handbook of Hydrocolloids” (eds Phillips G.O. and Williams P.A.) Woodhead Publishing Ltd. Cambridge (2000) ‘Cellulosic pulps, fibres, and materials’ eds Kennedy J.F., Phillips, G.O., Williams, P.A. and Lonnberg, B. woodhead Publishing Ltd (2000) "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 11" (eds Williams, P. A. and Phillips G.O.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (2002). “Hyaluronan” Vol 1 Chemical Biochemical and Biological Aspects (eds Keenedy, J.F., Phillips, G.O., Williams, P.A. and Hascall, V.C.) Woodhead Publishing Ltd (2002) “Hyaluronan” Vol 2 Biomedical, Medical and Clinical Aspects (eds Kennedy, J.F., Phillips, G.O., Williams, P.A. and Hascall, V.C.) Woodhead Publishing Ltd (2002) "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 12" (eds Williams, P. A. and Phillips G.O.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (2004). "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 13" (eds Williams, P. A. and Phillips G.O.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (2006). ‘Food Polysaccharides and their applications’ 2nd edition (eds Stephen, A.M., Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A). CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group Boca Raton (2006) ‘Handbook of industrial water soluble polymers’ (ed Williams, P.A. ), Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford (2007) "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 14" (eds Williams, P. A. and Phillips G.O.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (2008). “Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 15” (eds Williams, P. A. and Phillips G.O.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (2009). “Handbook of Hydrocolloids” (eds Phillips G.O. and Williams P.A.) Woodhead Publishing Ltd. Cambridge (2009) “Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 16” (eds Williams, P. A. and Phillips G.O.) Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK (2011). Publications
Williams, P. A., Harrop, R., Pass, G., Phillips, G. O. and Robb, I. D. 'The Relationship between Polyelectrolyte Configuration and Colloid Stability' in "The Effect of Polymers on Dispersion Properties" Ed. Th. F. Tadros, Academic Press, 361-377 (1982). Williams, P. A., Harrop, R., Phillips, G. O., Pass, G., and Robb, I. D. 'Effect of Electrolyte and pH on the Interaction of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose on BaSO4 Particles'. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans 1, 78, 1733 (1982). Harrop, R., Phillips, G. O., Robb, I. D. and Williams, P. A. 'Dispersion Stability of Microcrystalline Cellulose by Polyelectrolytes'. Prog. Fd. Nutr. Sci., 6, 331(1982). Champion S. A., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A., "The Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on the Organoleptic Properties of Ice Cream", Prog. Fd. Nutr. Sci., 6, 361, (1982). Champion, S. A., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A., Special Report. A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Functional Effectiveness of Microcrystalline Cellulose in European Ice Cream (1982). Williams, P. A., Harrop, R., Pass, G., Phillips, G. O., and Robb, I. D. 'The Effect of Electrolyte on the Stability of Barium Sulphate Dispersions in the presence of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose'. Am. Chem. Soc. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Product T. and D., 21, 349 (1982). Bain, D., Cafe, M. C., Robb, I. D. and Williams, P. A. 'Fractionation of Polyelectrolytes by Adsorption onto Ionic Crystals'. J. Colloid and Interface, Sci., 88, 467, (1982). Williams, P. A., Harrop, R. and Robb, I. D. 'The Adsorption of an Amphoteric Polyelectrolyte on BaSO4 and its Effect on Colloid Stability'. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I, 80, 403 (1984). Williams, P. A., Harrop, R. and Robb, I. D. 'The Effect of an Amphoteric Polymer on the Stability of Silica Dispersions'. J. Colloid and Interface Sci., 102, 548, (1984). McGinley, E. J., Thomas, W. R., Champion, S. A., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A., 'The Use of Microcrystalline Cellulose in Oil in Water Emulsions' in "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 2 - Applications for Hydrocolloids". p. 241, Pergamon Press, Ed. Phillips, G. O., Wedlock, D. J., and Williams, P. A., (1984). Industrial Hydrocolloids: Dispersion of Barium Sulphate with Polyacrylic Acid. Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A.Proceedings, Symposium on Science of Hydrocolloids, University of Kyoto 28 August 1985, p. 25-28. Organised by the Society of Polymer Science. Harrop, R., Williams, P. A., and Thomas, J. K., 'Photophysical Studies of a Copolymer of Acrylic Acid and 1-Pyrene Acrylic Acid Adsorbed on Calcium Carbonate'. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 280 (1985). Williams, P. A., Harrop, R. and Robb, I. D. 'The Effect of Sodium Polyacrylate on the Properties of Dilute and Concentrated BaSO4 Crystals'. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I. 81, 2635, (1985). Wright, J. A., Harrop, R., Williams, P.A., Pass, G. and Robb, I. D. "Exchange and Competitive Adsorption of Polyelectrolytes", Colloids and Surfaces, 24, 249, (1987). Snowden, M. J., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., "Functional Characteristics of Gum Arabic", Food Hydrocolloids, 1, 4, 291-300, (1987). Snowden, M. J., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., "Adsorption and Stabilising Properties of Gum Arabic Samples of Different Origin", in Gum and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 4, (Eds., Phillips, G. O., Wedlock, D. J., and Williams, P. A.,) IRL Press p.489-496, (1988). Day, D. H., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., "Gelation of Kappa Carrageenan as studied by Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy", Food Hydrocolloids 2 19 (1988). Day, D. H., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., "The Use of Electron Spin Resonance to study the Gelation of Kappa Carrageenan" in "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 4", (Eds. Phillips, G. O., Wedlock, D. J., and Williams, P. A.,) IRL Press 497-503, (1988). Roberts, A., Phillips, G. O., Wedlock, D. J., Williams, P. A., Cottrell, J., Fowler, P. S., Davies, P. T., and Williams, W. "The Effect of Indomethacin on Synovial Fluid Hyaluronate from patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis". Br. J. Rheumatol, 25, Abst. Suppl, No. 2, (1986). Meadows, J., Harrop, R., Phillips, G. O., Williams, P. A., and Garvey, M. J., "Enhanced Polyelectrolyte Adsorption", Colloids and Surfaces, 32 275 (1988). Randall, R. C., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., "The Role of the Proteinaceous Component on the Emulsifying Properties of Gum Arabic". Food Hydrocolloids 2 131-140, (1988). Randall, R. C., Phillips, G. O. and Williams P. A. "The Effect of Heat on the Emulsifying Properties of Gum Arabic" in "Food Colloids" Royal Society of Chemistry Publication, p 386-391,` (1990). Meadows, J., Williams, P. A., Garvey, M. J., Harrop, R. and Phillips, G. O., "Characterisation of the Adsorption/Desorption Behaviour of Hydrolysed Polyacrylamide" J. Colloid Interface Sci. 132 2 319 (1989). Tanaka, R., Meadows, J., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., "Viscometric and ElectronSpin Resonance Studies on the Solution Behaviour of CellulosicThickeners" in "Cellulose: structural and functional aspects" eds. Kennedy, J. F., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., Ellis Horwood Publ. Chichester p.323(1989) Tanaka, R., Meadows, J., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., "Adsorption Properties of Hydrophobically-Modified Hydroxyethyl Cellulose" in "Cellulose: structural and functional aspects" eds. Kennedy, J. F., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A., Ellis Horwood Publ. Chichester p. 329 (1989). Randall, R. C., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. "Fractionation and Characterisation of Gum from Acacia Senegal" Food Hydrocolloids 3 65-75 (1989). Tanaka, R., Meadows, J., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A., "Viscometric and Spectroscopic Studies on the Solution Behaviour of Hydrophobically - Modified Cellulosic Polymers" Carbohydr. Polymers 12 443 (1990). Snowden, M. J., Garvey, M. J., Rennie, J. H. S., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A. "Phase Behaviour in Concentrated Silica Sols containing Cellulose Derivatives" in "Cellulose: source and exploitation" eds. Kennedy, J. F., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. Ellis Horwood Publ. Chichester, 323-329 (1990). Williams, P. A., Phillips, G. O. and Randall, R. C. "Structure - Function Relationship of Gum Arabic" in "Gums and Stabiliers for the Food Industry 5" eds. Phillips, G. O., Wedlock, D. J. and Williams, P. A., Oxford University Press p. 25-35 (1990). Meadows, J., Williams, P. A., Garvey, M. J. and Harrop, R. "Enhancement of Repulsive Forces in Polyelectrolyte-Stabilised Dispersions" J. Colloid & Interface Sci. 139 260-267 (1990). Day, D. H., Langdon, M. J., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. "Studies on kappa Carrageenan - Konjac Mannan Mixed Gels". "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 5" eds. Phillips, G. O., Wedlock, D. J. and Williams, P. A. Oxford University Press Publishers. p. 571 (1990). Clegg, S. M., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. "Determination of the Relative Molecular Mass of Konjac Mannan" "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 5" eds. Phillips, G. O., Wedlock, D. J. and Williams, P. A. Oxford University Press Publishers. p. 463 (1990). Watase, M., Nishinari, K., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "Agarose Gels: The Effect of Sucrose, Glucose, Urea and Guanadine Hydrochloride on the Rheological and Thermal Properties". J. Agric. Food Chem. 38 1181 (1990). Nishinari, K., Watase, M., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "Kappa Carrageenan Gels: the Effect of Sucrose, Glucose, Urea and Guanadine Hydrochloride on the Thermal Properties" J. Agric. Food Chem. 38 1188 (1990). Nishinari, K., Watase, M., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "The Effects of Sugars and Polyols on Water in Agarose Gels". A.C.S. series Water relationships in Food eds Levine, H. and Slade, L. Plenum press New York pp235-248 (1991). Williams, P. A., Meadows, J, Phillips, G. O. and Senan C. "Rheological Characteristics of Cellulosic and Non-Cellulosic Associative Thickeners" in "Cellulose Source and Exploitation" ed. Kennedy J. F., Phillips, G. O., and Williams, P. A. Ellis Horwood Publ. 295-302 (1990). Williams, P. A., Phillips, G. O. and Stephen A. M. "Spectroscopic and Molecular comparisons of Three Fractions from Acacia senegal Gum" Food Hydrocolloids 4, 305-311 (1991). Williams, P. A., Clegg S. M., Day, D. H., Phillips, G. O. and Nishinari, K., "Mixed Gels Formed with Konjac Mannan and Xanthan Gum". Food Polymers, Gels and Colloids. R. S. C. Special Publication No. 82 ed. E.Dickinson 339-348 (1991). Biswas, B., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. "Study of the Interaction between Poly (Vinyl Pyrrolidone) and Dextran in Aqueous Solution by the Method of Isotonic Mixing". Polymer Communications 31, 469-471 (1990). Nishinari, K., Koide, S., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "A zipper model approach to the thermoreversible gel-sol transition". J Phys. France 51, 1759-1768 (1990). Williams, P. A., Meadows, J., Phillips, G. O. and Tanaka, R. "Solution properties of a hydrophobically associating cellulosic polymer: Electron spin resonance spectroscopy". A.C.S. Symp. Series No 489 pp 341. Watase, M., Nishinari, K., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "Effect of ammonium salts on the rheological and thermal properties of kappa-carrageenan gels" Food Hydrocolloids 4 227-239 (1990). Smith, C. J., Williams, P. A., Jones, M. and Phillips, G. O. "Procedure for the detection of aflatoxins in gum arabic samples" Food Hydrocolloids 4 221-225 (1990). Deeble, D. J., Randall, R. C., Williams, P. A., Phillips, G. O., Akhlaq, M.S., Puramshetty, J. P. R., Bothe, E., Steffen, H. and von Sonntag, C. "The treatment of aqueous gum arabic solutions with ultraviolet radiation" Food Hydrocolloids 4, 313-321 (1990). Snowden, M. J., Clegg, S. M., Williams, P. A. and Robb, I. D. "The flocculation of silica particles by adsorbing and non adsorbing polymers" J. Chem. Soc Faraday Trans I 87, 2201-2207 (1991). Williams, P. A., Day, D. H., Langdon, M. J., Phillips, G. O. and Nishinari, K. "Synergistic interaction of xanthan gum with gluco and galactomannans" Food Hydrocolloids 4, 489-493 (1991). Watase, M., Nishinari, K., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "Effect of tetra-alkyl ammonium bromide on the rheological and thermal properties of kappa-carrageenan and agarose gels" Polymer Journal 22 991-999 (1990). Tanaka, R., Meadows, J., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "The interaction of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose with various added surfactants", Macromolecules 25, 1304-1310 (1992). Meadows, J., Williams, P. A., Harrop, R. and Garvey, M. J. "Manipulation of the stability and redispersibility of polyelectrolyte-coated latex particles in various electrolyte solutions", J. Colloid and Interface Sci 148, 160-166 (1992). Nishinari K., Kohyama K., Williams P. A., Phillips G. O., Burchard W. and Ogino K. "Solution properties of pullulan" Macromolecules 24, 5590-5593 (1991). Williams, P. A., Menzies, A. R., Phillips, G. O. and Smith, C. J. "Specific identification and assessment of emulsification properties of Gum Arabic by ELISA" in "Food Safety and Quality Assurance: application of immunoassay systems" Ed Morgan, M. R. A., Smith, C. J. and Williams, P. A. Elsevier Applied Science Publ 385-392 (1992). Biswas, B., Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. "Counterion activity in dilute salt-free solutions of some anionic polyelectrolytes". Polymer 33 1284-1288 (1992). 53. Clegg, S. M., Snowden, M. J., Williams, P. A. and Robb, I. D. "Effect of non-adsorbing polymer on dispersion stability" in "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 6" eds Phillips G. O., Wedlock, D. J. and Williams, P. A., Oxford University Press Publishers (1992). 54. Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. "Properties of individual gums" in "Encyclopaedia of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition" Academic Press 2267-2275 (1993). 55. Williams, P. A., Clegg, S. M., Langdon, M. J., Nishinari, K. and Piculell L. "Investigation of kappa carrageenan/konjac mannan mixed gels by differential scanning calorimetry and electron spin resonance spectroscopy" Williams, P. A., Clegg, S. M., Langdon, M. J., Nishinari, K. and Phillips, G. O. "Studies on the synergistic interaction between konjac mannan and locust bean gum with kappa carrageenan" in "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 6" ed Phillips, G. O., Williams, P. A. and Wedlock, D. J. Oxford University Press Publishers, 209-216, (1992). Ahmad, F. B. and Williams, P. A. "Characterisation of carrageenan from various red seaweeds" in "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry" ed Phillips, G. O., Williams, P. A. and Wedlock, D. J. Oxford University Press, 145-148, (1992). Menzies, A M., Osman, M. E., Phillips, and Williams, P. A. "An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Acacia senegal exudate (gum arabic) in "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 6" ed. Phillips, G. O., Williams, P. A. and Wedlock, D. J. Oxford University Press, 507-512, (1992). Nishinari, K., Wastase, M., Kohyama, K., Oakenfull, D., Koide, S., Ogino, K., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "The effect of sucrose on the thermo-reversible gel-sol transition in agarose and gelatin". Polymer J. 24 871-877 (1992). Takigami, S., Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G. O. "Interfacial properties of xanthan gum" in "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 6" eds Phillips, G. O., Williams, P. A and Wedlock, D. J. Oxford University Press, 371-377, (1992). Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A. "Gums: Food Uses" in "Encyclopeadia of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition" Academic Press 2275-2281 (1993). Nishinari, K., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "Review of the physico-chemical characteristics and properties of konjac mannan". Food Hydrocolloids 6, 199-222 (1992). Snowden, M. J., Williams ,P. A. Garvey, M. J and Robb, I. D. "Phase separation of concentrated aqueous silica dispersions in the presence of non-adsorbed polyelectrolytes" J Colloid and Interface Sci. 166 160-167 (1994). Osman, M. E., Williams, P. A., Menzies, A. R. and Phillips, G. O. "Characterisation of commerical samples of gum arabic" J Agric and Fd Chem 4 71-77 (1993). 65. Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "Interactions in mixed polysaccharide systems" in "Food Polysaccharides" ed. Stephen A. M. Marcel Dekker New York pp 463-500 (1995). Osman, M. E., Menzies, A. R., Williams, P. A., Phillips, G. O., and Baldwin T. C. "The molecular characterisation of the polysaccharide gum from Acacia senegal" Carbohydrate Res.246 303-318 (1993). Tanaka, R., Williams, P. A., Meadows, J. and Phillips, G. O., "The adsorption of hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose onto polystyrene latex". Colloids and Surfaces 66, 63-72 (1992). Clegg, S. M. Williams P. A. Warren P. and, Robb, I D. and "Phase behaviour of polymers with concentrated dispersions of surfactants" Langmuir 10 3390 (1994) Shimada, M., Takigami, S., Nakamura, Y., Kobayashi, N., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O., "Immobilisation of hyaluronic acid onto cellulose" in Cellulosics: Chemical, Biochemical and Material Aspects, eds Kennedy J F, Phillips G O and Williams P A, Ellis Horwood Publ 409-414 (1993) Tanaka, R., Meadows, J., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "A spin probe study of the interaction of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose with sodium dodecylsulphate" in Cellulosics:Chemical,Biochemical, and Material Aspects, eds. Kennedy, J. F. Phillips, G. O. and Williams, P. A., Ellis Horwood Publishers 297-304 (1993). Hirose, S., Nakamura, K., Hatakeyama, H., Meadows, J., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O., "Preparation and mechanical properties of polyurethane foams from lignocellulose dissolved in polyethylene glycol" in 'Cellulose; Materials for Selective Separations and Other Technologies ' eds Kennedy J F, Phillips G O and Williams P A, Ellis Horwood Publ 317-332 (1993). Nakamura, K., Hatakeyama, H., Meadows, J., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O., "Mechanical properties of polyurethane foams derived from Eucalyptus Kraft Lignin" in 'Cellulose; Materials for Selective Separations and Other Technologies ' eds Kennedy J F, Phillips G O and Williams P A, Ellis Horwood Publ 333-340 (1993). Ahmad F B, Omar, S and Williams P A "Physico-chemical characterisation of alginate from Malaysian brown seaweeds" in 'Food Hydrocolloids' (eds Nishinari K.and Doi E) Plenum Press 187-192 (1993) Williams,P A, Annable,P, Phillips G O and Nishinari K "Mixed polysaccharide gels formed between xanthan gum and galactomannan" in 'Food Hydrocolloids' (eds Nishinari K. and Doi E) Plenum Press 435-449 (1993) Phillips G O and Williams P A "The specification of the gum arabic of commerce" in 'Food Hydrocolloids' (eds Nishinari K. Doi E) Plenum Press 45-63 (1993) Takigami S, Shimada M, Williams P A and Phillips G O "Esr study on spin labelled xanthan gum" in 'Food Hydrocolloids' (ed Nishinari K. and Doi E) Plenum press 141-145 (1993) Iida H, Ochi T, Ohashi S, Kohyama K, Nishinari K, Williams P A and Phillips G O, "Large deformation rheology of mixed gels of konjac-kappa carrageenan" in 'Food Hydrocolloids' (eds Nishinari K. and Doi E) Plenum Press 451-456 (1993) Takigami, S., Shimada, M., Williams, P. A.and Phillips, G. O. "ESR study of the conformational transition of spin-labelled xanthan gum in aqueous solution." Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 15 367-371 (1993). Nishinari, K., Watase, M., Kohyama, K., Nishinari, N. Oakenfull, D., Koide, S., Ogino, K. Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "DSC and rheological studies on the sol-gel transition in agarose." Reports on Progress in Polymer Physics in Japan Vol.XXXV 169-172 (1992). Williams, P. A. "Phase separation of polymers." in Encyclopedia of Advanced Materials Pergamon Press 1966-1971 (1994). Menzies, A.R., Osman, M.E., Phillips, G.O. and Williams P.A. "Immunological procedure for the identification of Acacia Senegal gum" Macromolecular Reports (suppl. 6&7) 787-794 (1994). Osman, M. E., Menzies, A. R., Albo Martin, B., Williams, P. A., Phillips, G. O., and Baldwin, T. C. "Characterisation of Acacia senegal fractions obtained by anion exchange chromatography using DEAE cellulose" Phytochemistry 38 409-417 (1995). Annable, P., Williams, P. A., and Nishinari, K. "Interaction in xanthan-glucomannan mixtures and the effect of electrolyte". Macromolecules 27 4204 (1994) Senan,C., Shone P., Meadows J. and Williams, P. A. " The solution behaviour of hydrophobically-modified sodium polyacrylate " Langmuir 10 2471 (1994). Tanaka R. Williams P. A. Robb I. D. and Warren P. " Phase separation in cellulosic-surfactant systems" J.Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 91 3901 (1995) Clegg S. M. Robb I. D. and Williams P. A. "Phase separation of a polycarboxylate at high ionic strength" Ber. Bunsen Gesell 100 80 (1996) Nishinari K. Takaya T. Watase M. Kohyama K. Iida H. Williams P. A. and Phillips G. O. "Gelation of food polysaccharides; effects of sugars on the gelation of agarose and mixtures of konjac mannan and carrageenan" in Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 7 eds Phillips G. O. Williams P. A. and Wedlock D. J.359-374 (1994) Piculell L. Zhang W. Turquois T. Rochas C. taravel F. R. and Williams P. A. "Effects of added galacto- and gluco-mannans on the NMR of 133Cs ions in kappa carrageenan gels Carbohydrate Res. 265-290 (1995). Annable, P. ,Fitton M. G., Harris, B. Phillips G. O. and Williams P.A. "Phase behaviour and rheology of mixed polymer systems containing starch" Food Hydrocolloids 3/4 351-359 (1994). Osman, M. E, Menzies, A.R., Williams, P. A. and Phillips, G. O. "Fractionation and characterisation of gum arabic samples of various origin" Food Hydrocolloids 3/4 233-242 (1994). Meadows,J., Williams P. A. and Kennedy, J.C. "A comparison of the extensional and shear viscosity characteristics of aqueous hydroxyethyl cellulose solutions" Macromolecules 28 2683-2692 (1995). Williams P.A.and Smith N.J. "Depletion flocculation" in Proceedings of the 56th Easter School on "Biopolymer Mixtures" Nottingham University Press Publishers Harding S.E., Hill S.E. and Mitchell J.R. 161-172 (1995) Kennedy J.C., Meadows J. and Williams P.A. "Shear and extensional viscosity characteristics of a series of hydrophobically associating polyelectrolytes" J. Chem. Soc Faraday Trans 91 911-916 (1995). Nishinari, K., Miyoshi E., Takaya, T. and Williams P.A. "Rheological and DSC studies on the interaction between gellan gum and konjac mannan" Carbohydr. Polym. 30 2/3 193-207 (1996). Meadows, J., Williams, P.A. and Tanaka R. "Adsorption properties of hydrophobically associating water soluble polymers" Macromolecular Reports A31 (Suppl 6 & 7) 777-785 (1994). Smith, N.J.and Williams P.A. "Depletion flocculation of polystyrene latices by water soluble polymers" J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 91 1483-1489 (1995). Williams, P.A. and Langdon, M.J. "Influence of locust bean gum and dextran on the gelation of kappa carrageenan". Biopolymers 38 655-664 (1996). Williams, P.A. and Langdon, M.J. "Characterisation of gum arabic by gel permeation chromatography". Chromatography and Analysis issue 39 5-7 (1995). Harrison, I.M., Meadows, J., Robb, I.D. and Williams P.A. "Competitive adsorption of polymers and surfactants at the solid/liquid interface" J.Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 91 3919-3923 (1995). 100. Goncalves, M.P., Gomes, C., Langdon, M.J. and Williams P.A. "Studies on kappa carrageenan locust bean gum mixtures in the presence of NaCl and NaI". Biopolymers 41 657-671 (1997) 101. Phillips, G.O. and Williams P.A. "Interaction of hydrocolloids in food systems" in "Ingredient interactions: effect on food quality" ed. Gaonkar, A.G. Marcel Dekker New York pp131-170 (1995). 102. Hoskins, A.R., Robb, I.D. and Williams, P.A. "Selective separation of proteins from mixtures using polysaccharides" Biopolymers 45 97-104 (1998) 103. Al-Assaf, S., Meadows, J.,Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A. "The application of shear and extensional viscosity measurements to evaluate the potential of Hylan in viscsupplementation". Biorheology 33 319-332 (1996) 104. Smith, J.N. Meadows, J. and Williams, P.A. "Adsorption of PVP onto polystyrene latices and the effect on colloid stability" Langmuir 12 3773-3778 (1996) Hoskins, A.R., Robb, I.D. Williams, P.A. and Warren, P. "Phase separation in mixtures of polysaccharides and proteins" J. Chem Soc Faraday Trans. 92 4515-4520 (1996) 106. Islam, A.M., Phillips, G.O., Sljivo, A., Snowden, M.J.,and Williams, P.A. "Recent developments on the structural and functional aspects of gum arabic" Food Hydrocolloids 11 493-506 (1997) 107. Chambers, S.J., Langdon, M.J., Williams,P.A. and White, R.J. Combined differential light scattering with SEC techniques for monitoring conformational changes in kappa carrageenan" "Gums and Stabilisiers for the Food Industry 7 (eds Phillips G.O. Wedlock D.J. and Williams, P.A.) Oxford University Press pp 37-53 (1994) 108. Idris, O.H.M., Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. "Characterisation of gum from Acacia senegal trees of different age and location using multidetection gel permeation chromatography" Food Hydrocolloids 12 379-388 (1998). 109. Ahmad B.F. Williams, P.A., Doublier, J-L and Durand, S. " Physicochemical characterisation of sago starch" Carbohydr. Polymers 38 361-370 (1999). 110. Viebke, C. Borgstrom, J. Carlsson, I. Piculell, L. and Williams, P.A. "A DSC study of kappa carrageenan in the presence of NaCl/NaI/CsI/CsCl systrems and analysis by Poisson Boltzmann calculations" Macromol. 31 1833-1841 (1998) Viebke, C. Meadows J. Kennedy, J.C. and Williams, P.A. "Effect of soluble polymers on the shear and extensional viscosity characteristics of concentrated latex dispersions" Langmuir 14 1548-1553 (1998) Miyoshi, E., Takaya, T., Williams, P.A. and Nishinari, K. "Rheological and DSC studies of mixtures of gellan gum and konjac mannan" Macromol. Symp. 120 271-280 (1997) 113. Gomes, C., Goncalves, M.P. and Williams, P.A. " Novel gels from xanthan - locust bean gum mixtures by addition of electrolyte" in "Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 9" eds Phillips G.O. and Williams, P.A. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK pp239-246 (1998) 115. Ahmad, F.B. and Williams, P.A. "Rheological properties of sago starch" J. Agric. Fd 116. Thurston, M.I., Cronk, Q.C.B., Bonwick, G.A., Williams, P.A., Williams, J.H.H. and Dewey, F.M. “ Detection of gum seyal and combretum gum as adulterants in gum arabic using monoclonal antibodies” Fd and Agric. Immunology, 10 237-247 (1998) Ahmad, F.B. and Williams, P.A. "Effect of sugars on the thermal and rheological properties of sago starch" Biopolymers 50 401-412 (1999). 118. Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O., “Gum arabic: production, structure and physico- chemical properties, physiological effects, safety and food applications” Handbook of dietary Fibre in Functional Food Development” ed S. Sungsoo Cho, Marcel Dekker pp675-694 (2001). 119. Williams,P.A., Idris, O.H.M. and Phillips, G.O., “Structural evaluation of gum from Acacia senegal (gum arabic)” in “Cell development biology of arabinogalactan proteins” eds. Nothnagel, E.A., Bacic, A., and Clarke, A.E. Elsevier Academic/Plenum Press Publishers NY pp241 – 252 (2000) 120 Ahmad, F.B. and Williams, P.A. "Effect of salts on the thermal and rheological properties of sago starch" J. Agric Fd Chem. 47 3359-3366 (1999). 121 Williams,P.A.and Ahmad, F.B. “Effect of dextran on the thermal and rheological properties of sago starch” in “Hydrocolloids 2. Fundamentals and applications in food, biology and medicine” ed Nishinari, K. Plenum Press pp165-175 (2000). 122. Thurston, M.I., Cronk, Q.C.B., Bonwick, G.A., Williams, P.A., Williams, J.H.H. and Dewey, F.M., “ Effect of heat and pH on the carbohydrate epitopes of gum from Acacia senegal recognised by specific monoclonal antibodies.” Fd Agric. and Immunology 11 145-153 (1999). 123. Williams, P.A. and Phillips G.O. “Introduction to hydrocolloids” in “Handbook of hydrocolloids” Phillips G.O. and Williams P.A. eds Woodhead Publishing Ltd Cambridge pp 1-19 (2000). 124. Williams, P.A. and Phillips G.O. “Gum arabic” in “Handbook of hydrocolloids” Phillips G.O. and Williams P.A. eds Woodhead Publishing Ltd Cambridge pp 155-168 (2000). 125. Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O “ Gums: properties of individual gums” in “Encyclpaedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition” Caballero B., Trugo L.C. and Finglas P.M. eds Academic Press pp2992-3002 (2003). Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O “ Gums: food uses” in “Encyclpaedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition” Caballero B., Trugo L.C. and Finglas P.M. eds Academic Press pp3001-3008 (2003). 127. Milas M., Rinaudo M., Roure, I., Al-Assaf, S. Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A. “ Comparative rheological behaviour of hyaluronan from bacterial sources with cross-linked hyaluronan (Hylan) in aqueous solution” Biopolymers 59 191-204 (2001). 128. Ahmad, F.B. and Williams, P.A. “Effect of galactomannans on the thermal and rheological properties of sago starch” J.Fd Sci and Agriculture 49 3 1578-1586 (2001). 129. Viebke, C and Williams, P.A.’Determination of molecular mass distribution of kappa carrageenan and xanthan using asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation’ Food Hydrocolloids 14 265-270 (2000) 130. Viebke C. and Williams, P.A. ‘The influence of temperature on the characterisation of water soluble polymers using asymmetric flow field flow fractionation coupled to mutiangle laser light scattering’ Analytical Chemistry 72 3896-3901 (2000) 131. Sato, T., Narita, T., Mikawa, Y. Dobashi, T, Takigami, S. and Williams, P.A. ‘ Effect of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose on lower critical solution temperature’ Trans Materials Research Soc. Japan. 25 755-756 (2000) 132. Al Assaf S. Meadows J. Phillips G.O. Williams P.A. and parsons B.J. ‘The effect of hydroxyl radicals on the performance of hylan and hyaluronan’ Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 27 337-348 (2000) 133. Pelletier E. Viebke C. Meadows J. and Williams P.A. ‘Solution rheology of kappa carrageean in the ordered and disordered conformations’ Biomacromolecules 2 946-951 (2001) 134. Pelletier E. Viebke C. Meadows J. and Williams P.A. ‘A rheological study of the order- disorder conformational transition of xanthan gum’ Biopolymers 59 339-346 (2001) Al Assaf S., . Williams P.A. and Phillips G.O. ‘Molecular characterisation of hyaluronan and Hylan using GPC – MALLS and asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation’ in Hyaluronan 2000 eds Kennedy J.F., Phillips, G.O. and Williams P.A. Woodhead Publishing Ltd. Vol 1 55-66 (2002) 136. Ahmad, F.B. and Williams, P.A. “Effect of galactomannans on the thermal and rheological properties of sago starch” J.Fd Sci and Agriculture 49 3 1578-1586 (2001) 137. Williams P.A. and Mitchell D. “ Konjac mannan; a new soft option” Soap, Perfumary 138. Ahmad, F.B. and Williams, P.A “Gelatinisation properties of sago starch in the presence of salts” in ‘Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 11’ eds Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. Royal Society of Chemistry Cambrige UK pp145-157 (2002) 139. Williams, P.A. and Phillips G.O., ‘The use of hydrocolloids to improve food texture’ in ‘Texture in Food’ Vol 1 Semi-solid foods ed McKenna B.M. Woodhead Publushing Ltd pp 251-274 (2003) 140. Takahashi R., Al Assaf, S., Williams, P.A., Okamoto A. and Kubota K. “Asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation with on-line MALLS with application to wormlike chain analysis of weakly stiff polymer chains” Biomacromolecules 4 404-409 (2003). 141. Velez G, Fernandez, M.A., Munoz J., Williams, P.A. and English RJ “The role of hydrocolloids on the creaming of oil-in-water emulsions” J.Agric. & Fd Chem.51 265-269 (2003) 142. Robinson S. and Williams, P.A. “Inhibition of protein adsorption onto silica by PVP” Pelletier, E., Viebke C. Meadows J. and Williams, P.A. “Dilute polyacrylamide solutions under uniaxial extensional flow” Langmuir 19 559-565 (2003) Williams, P. A. ‘Surfactant – water borne polymer interactions in coating applications’ in ‘Surfactants in polymers, coatings, inks and adhesives’ ed Karsa, D.R., Sheffield Academic Press (2003). 145. Williams, P.A., Hickey, M. and Mitchell, D. ‘Fluid gels based on natural polymers for cosmetic applications’ Cosmetics and Toiletries 118 8 51-58 (2003) 146. Al Assaf, S., Katayama, T. , Phillips, G.O., Sasaki, Y. and Williams, P.A. ‘Quality control of gum arabic’ Foods and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan 208 10 771-780 (2003). 147. Al Assaf, S. Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A. ‘Studies on acacia exudate gums. Part I: the molecular weight of Acacia gum exudate. Food Hydrocolloids 19 647-660 (2005) Al Assaf, S. Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A. ‘Studies on acacia exudate gums. Part II: Molecular weight comparison of the Vulgares and Gummiferae series of Acacia gums’, Food Hydrocolloids 19 661-668 (2005) 149. Hassan, E. A., Al Assaf, S. Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A. ‘Studies on acacia gums. Part III: Molecular weight characteristics of Acacia seyal var. seyal and Acacia seyal var. fistula’ Food Hydrocolloids 19 669-678 (2005) 150. Siddig, N. E., Osman, M.E., Al Assaf, S. Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A. ‘Studies on acacia gums. Part IV: Distribution of milecular components in Acacia seyal in relation to Acacia senegal’, Food Hydrocolloids 19 679-686 (2005) 151. Flindt, C., Osman, M.E., Al Assaf, S. Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A. ‘Studies on acacia gums. Part V: Structural featurescof Acacia seyal’, Food Hydrocolloids 19 687-702 (2005) 152. Middleton, H., English, R.J., Williams, P.A. and Broze, G. ‘Interaction of sodium dodecyl sulphate with methylacrylate-PEG comb copolymers’ Langmuir, 21 5174-5179 (2005) 153. Ratcliffe, I., Williams, P.A., English, R.J. and Meadows, J., ,Small deformation measurements of transient gels using vane rherometry’ Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 12 eds Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. Royal Society of Chemistry Special Publication No. 294 pp360 (2004) 154. Williams, P.A., Sayers, C., Viebke, C., Senan,C., Mazoyer, J. and Boulenguer, P. ‘Elucidation of the emulsification properties of sugar beet pectin’ J. Agric. and Food Chem. 53 3592-3597 (2005) Williams, P.A. ‘Gelling agents’ in Handbook of water soluble polymers’ ed. Williams,P.A. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, pp 73-97 (2007) 156. Williams, P.A. ‘Introduction to water soluble polymers’ in Handbook of water soluble polymers’ ed. Williams, P.A., Blackwell Publishing Ltd, pp 73-97 (2007) 157. Chee Kiong Siew, Williams, P.A. and Young, N.W.G., ‘New insights into the mechanism of gelation of alginate and pectin: charge annihilation and reversal mechanism’ Biomacromolecules 6 963-969 (2005) 158. Ratcliffe, I., Williams, P.A., Viebke,C. and Meadows, J. ‘Physicochemical characterization of konjac glucomannan’ Biomacromolecules 6 1977-1986 (2005) 159. Williams, P.A., Phillips, G.O., Stephen, A.M. and Churms, S.C. ‘Gums and mucilages’ in Food Polysaccharides and their applications eds Stephen, A.M., Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A. CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group pp 455 -495 (2006) 160. Williams, P.A. and Mitchell, D. ‘Thickening cosmetic formulations naturally’ Peronal 161. Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. ‘Physicochemical Characterisation of gum Arabic arabinogalactan protein complex’ Foods and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan 211 3 181- 188 (2006). Mohammadifar, M.A., Musavi, S.M., Kiumarsi, A. and Williams,P.A. ‘Solution properties of tragacanthin (water-soluble part of gum tragacanth exudate from Astragalus gossypinus)’ Int J. Biol. Macromols. 38 31-39 (2006) 163. Hough, R.L., English, R., Williams, P.A. and Heaton, J. ‘Extensional rheology of poly(acrylamide) and hydroxypropyl cellulose studied using capillary break-up’ in Gums and Stabilsers for the food Industry 13 eds Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. Royal Society of Chemistry Special Publication No. 303 pp132-143 (2006) 164. Fang, Y. Al-Assaf, S., Phillips, G.O., Nishinari, K., Funami T., Williams, P.A. and L. Li ‘Multiple steps and critical behaviours of the binding of calcium to alginate’ J. Phys. Chem. B 111 2456-2462 (2007) 165. Mahendran, T., Williams, P.A., Phillips, G.O. and Al-Assaf, S. ‘Soluble polysaccharide – protein complexes as novel emulsifiers’ Foods and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan 213 271-274 (2008). Elmanan, M., Al-Assaf, S. Phillips, G.O. and Williams, P.A., ‘Studies on exudate gums: Part VI. Interfacial rheology of Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal.’ Food Hydrocolloids 22 682-689 (2008). Fasihuddin, B.A. and Williams, P.A. ‘Physicochemical properties of starch isolated from sago palm (metroxylon sagu) at different palm heights. In Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 14 eds Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. Royal Society of Chemistry Special Publication (2008) Mohammadifar, M.A., Musavi, S.M. and Williams, P.A. ‘Study of complex coacervation between beta lactoglobulin and tragacanthin (soluble part of gum tragacanth)’ Milchwissenschaft 62 (4) 389-393 (2007) Blanchard, R.-L., Williams, P.A., English, R.J., Rose, S.A., Lyons, L. and Whitehead, M. ‘The influence of the extensional viscosity of very low concentrations of high molecular mass water-soluble polymers on atomization and droplet impact’ Pest Management Science 64 497-504 (2008) 170. Al-Assaf, S., Phillips, G.O., Williams, P.A. Takigami, S., Dettmar, P. and Havler, M. ‘ Molecular weight, tertiary structure, water binding and coloin behaviour of isaghula hust fibre’ Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 52 1-6 (2003) 171. Siew, Chee Kiong and Williams, P.A. ‘Role of protein and ferulic acid in the emulsification properties of sugar beet pectin’ J. Agric and Food Chemistry 56 4164-4171 (2008) 172. Mahendran, T., Williams, P.A., Phillips, G.O. and Al-Assaf, S. ‘New insights into the structural characteristics of gum arabic’ J. Agric. and Food Chemistry 56 9269-9276 (2008) Siew, Chee Kiong and Williams, P.A. ‘Emulsification properties of sugar beet pectin’ in Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 14’ Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. eds Royal Society of Chemistry Publishers Cambridge p257-263 (2008) 174. Siew, Chee Kiong, Williams, P.A., Cui, S.W. and Wang, Q. ‘ Characterisation of the surface-active components of sugar beet pectin and the hydrodynamic thickness of the adsorbed pectin layer’ J. Agric. and Fd Chem. 56 8111-8120 (2008) 175. Williams, P.A. and Phillips G.O. “Introduction to food hydrocolloids” in “Handbook of hydrocolloids” Phillips G.O. and Williams P.A. eds Woodhead Publishing Ltd Cambridge pp 1-23 (2009). 176. Williams, P.A. and Phillips G.O. “Gum arabic” in “Handbook of hydrocolloids” Phillips G.O. and Williams P.A. eds Woodhead Publishing Ltd Cambridge pp 252-273 (2009). 177. Nwokocha, L.M. and Williams, P.A., ‘Isolation and rheological characteristion of Mucuna flagellipes seed gum’ Food Hydrocolloids 23 1394-1397 (2009) 178. Nwokocha, L.M. and Williams, P.A., ‘Some properties of white and yellow plantain (Musa paradisaica, Normalis) starches’ Carbohydrate Polymers 76 133-138 (2009). 179. Nwochka, L.M., Aviara, N.A., Senan,C., Williams,P.A. ‘A comparative study of some properties of cassava (Manihot esculents, Crantz) and cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta, Linn ) starches’ Carbohydrate Polymers 76 362-367 (2009) 180. Padala, S., Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. ‘The adsorption of gum Arabic, egg white protein and their mixtures at the oil-water interface’ J. Agric. Fd Chem.57 4964 – 4973 (2009) 181. Williams, P.A., ‘Molecular interactions of plant and algal polysaccharides’ Structural 182. Nwokocha, L.M. and Williams, P.A., New starches: Physicochemical properties of sweetsop (Annona squamosa) and soursop (Annona muricata) starches Carbohydrate Polymers 78 462-468 (2009) 183. Smith, C.J., Menzies, A.R., Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O. Determination of the calorific value of gum Arabic in rats using modified versions of the growth bioassay and the digestibility assay International Journal of Food Science and technology 44 847-853 (2009) Nwokocha, L.M., Soetan, K.O., Williams, P.A. ‘A study of the starch isolated from three varieties of Lablab purpureus seeds’ Carbohydrate Polymers 79 685-693 (2010) 185. Fang, Y., Al-Assaf, S., Phillips,G.O., Nishinari, K., Williams, P.A. ‘Interaction of gum Arabic with fatty acid studied using electron paramagnetic resonance’ Biomacromolecules (in press) 186. Anderson, R.L., Ratcliffe, I., Greenwell, H.C., Williams, P.A., Cliffe, S., Coveney, P.V., ‘Clay swelling – A challenge for the oilfield’ Earth-Science Reviews 98 201-216 (2010) 187. Vinayahan, T., Williams, P.A. and Phillips, G.O., ‘The electrostatic interaction and complex formation between gum Arabic and BSA’ Biomacromolecules [in press] 188. Juna, S., Williams, P.A. and Davies, S. ‘Determination od molecular mass distribution of amylopectin using asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation’ Carbohydrate Polymers [in press]

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