CURRICULUM VITAE
Assistant Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Clinical Instructor UT College of Pharmacy
Diplomat, American Board of Applied Toxicology (DABAT),
American Board of Applied Toxicology (ABAT),
Certified Specialist in Poison Information (CSPI),
American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC),
PROFESSIONAL AND TEACHING EXPERIENCE: 1985 – Present
Specialist Poison Information II, Texas State Poison Center,
The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
Assistant Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
Clinical Instructor, College of Pharmacy, The University of
1990 - 1992 Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
1985 - 1990 Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch,
1982 - 1985 Specialist Poison Information I, Texas State Poison Center, The University
of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
Toxicology Laboratory Technician, Toxicology Laboratory,
The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
Research Assistant, Reproductive Endocrinology and
Neuroendocrinology, Southern Illinois University, School of
Graduate Teaching/Research Assistant, Southern Illinois
University, School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois.
Emergency Medical Technician, EMT II, National Registry
Orderly: Operating Room, Emergency Department, General
Medical/Surgical, ICU/CCU, Pediatrics, Marion Memorial
EKG Technician, Clinical Laboratory Technician, Marion
Area of Research: In vitro adsorption of compounds by activated charcoals as a model
for gastrointestinal decontamination Multi-center studies collecting data to determine range of toxicity, treatment guidelines, and clinical signs and symptoms after exposure to novel compounds.
1. Pharmacokinetics of Acute Ingestion of Camphor Containing
Compounds, American Association of Poison Centers, $5,000, Approved: Not Funded.
2. The Relationship Between Steroid-Induced Benign Prostatic
Hyperplasia and Damage to Cellular Macromolecules, Predoctoral Fellowship, National Cancer Center, Approved: Not Funded.
3. Prospective Multi-Center Post-Marketing Surveillance Study of
Flumazenil, April 1992, $266,373, Hoffmann-La Roche, Not Funded.
4. Adjunct Corporate Funding for the Texas State Poison Center and
the Occupational Medicine Program, March, 1992,
$3,014,089/year, Southwestern Bell Telephone, Not Funded.
5. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy Research
Instrumentation Needs for the Toxicology Training Program, April 1993, $97,287, Meadows Foundation Training Grant, Not Funded.
6. In Vitro Adsorption of Camphor by Activated Charcoals, July 1998,
$1,660, Texas Department of Health 911, Funded.
North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology ABAT Symposium, Chair, 2005 to present
National Student Research Forum (Co-Director), 1987
AAPCC 50th Anniversary Committee, 2002-2003
ABAT Re-Certification Committee, 2000-present
AAPCC SPI Committee Member, 2004-present
AAPCC SPI Research Sub Committee Chair, 2004 to present
ABAT Board of Directors, 2008 to present
UT System Faculty Advisory Council, 2004-2006
UT System FAC Executive Committee, Chair, Health Affairs Committee:
UTMB Chemical Safety Committee, 1995-present
UTMB Institutional On-Line Training Review, 2003-present
UTMB Institutional Budget Committee, 2005-2006
UTMB Faculty Senate: Chair-Elect, 2004; Chair, 2005; Past-Chair, 2006
Texas Poison Center Network Research Committee, 2003 to present
Committee Responsibility other than UTMB (optional)
Scientific Sessions Chaired / Discussion Leader
Emergency Medicine Rounds, Ethylene glycol poisoning, Internal
Medical Pharmacology, Methanol and Ethylene glycol poisoning,
Medical Pharmacology, Heavy Metals, 2nd year medical students,
Medical Pharmacology, Overdose treatment, 2nd year medical
1993-1999 Medical Pharmacology, Toxicology lecture series, 2nd year medical
1996-2000 Introduction to Physical Examination/Practice of Medicine, First Year
1999-2002 Dermatology/Hematology/Musculoskeletal Systems, 2nd year
Laboratory Rotation, Pathology Graduate Student, UTMB.
Practicum in Toxicology, Pathology Graduate Student, UTMB
Introduction to Toxicology, Graduate students, Toxicology Training
ECT Pharmacology, Pharmacology Graduate students, UTMB
NURS 4306: Care of the Individual with an Addiction: Bio-Psycho-
GNRS 5387: Research Elective in Addictions
Laboratory Rotation, Pathology Graduate Student, UTMB.
Practicum in Toxicology, Pathology Graduate Student, UTMB
GRNS Practicum for Nurse Practioner Program
B. TEACHING RESPONSIBILITIES AT OTHER UNIVERSITIES: a.
1992-present Toxicology Lecture Series/Toxicology Rotation, Emergency Medicine
Residency Program, University of Texas Health Science Center,
Toxicology Lecture Series/Toxicology Rotation, Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellows, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
Toxicology Rotation, Pharmacy Doctorial Candidates, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX.
Toxicology Rotation, Pharmacy Doctorial Candidates, The University of Texas College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX.
MEMBERSHIP IN SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES/PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS:
American Academy of Clinical Toxicologists *
American Association of Poison Control Centers
Southwestern Association of Toxicologists
HONORS: Phi Kappa Phi Honor Society Member, 2005
Who's Who Among Graduate Students in American Universities and
Graduate Student Organization Student of the Year, 1987
Shirley Patricia Parker Memorial Scholarship Award for Pharmacology
Who's Who Among Students in Medicine, 1989
1. Wade D.R., Pirmann, J.C., Winter, M.L., and Falvo, R.E. A non-invasive
technique for monitoring changes in canine prostatic size in vivo. Invest Urol 18:266-69; 1981.
2. Falvo, R.E., Gerrity, M., Pirmann, J., Winter, M., Vincent, D.L., and Miller,
J. Testosterone pretreatment and the response of pituitary LH to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the male dog. J Androl 3:193-98; 1982.
3. Winter, M., Pirmann, J., Falvo, R.E., Schanbacher, B.D., and Miller, J.
Steroidal control of gonadotropin secretion in the orchidectomized dog. J Reprod Fert 66:449-55; 1982.
4. Winter, M., Falvo, R.E., Schanbacher, B.D., and Verholtz, S. Regulation of
gonadotropin secretion in the male dog: Role of estradiol. J Androl 4:319-23; 1983.
5. Winter, M.L., and Ellis, M.D. Automatic dishwashing detergents: Their pH,
ingredients, and retrospective look. Vet Hum Toxicol 28(6): 536-38; 1986.
6. Winter, M.L., Ellis, M.D., and Snodgrass, W.R. Urine fluorescence using a
Wood's lamp to detect fluorescein: A qualitative adjunct test in suspected ethylene glycol ingestions. Ann Emerg Med 19(6): 663-7; 1990.
7. Winter, M.L., and Liehr, J.G. Free radical-induced carbonyl content in
protein of estrogen-treated hamsters assayed by sodium boro-[3H]-hydride reduction. J Biol Chem 266(22): 14446-50; 1991.
8. Ramoska E.A., Spiller, H.A., Winter, M., and Borys, D. A one-year
evaluation of calcium channel blocker overdoses: Toxicity and treatment. Ann Emerg Med 22(2): 196-200, 1993.
9. Winter, M.L., Bosland, M.C., Wade, D.R., Falvo, R.E., Nagamami, M., and
Liehr, J.G. Induction of benign prostatic hyperplasia in intact dogs by near physiological levels of 5α-dihydrotestosterone and 17β-estradiol. The Prostate, 26(6): 325-333, 1995.
Winter, M.L., Mann, K.V., Borys, D., Campbell, J., Muir, S.
and Krenzelok, E.P. Five-year multi-center retrospective review of cyclobenzaprine toxicity. J Emerg Med, 13(6): 781-5, 1995.
11. Winter, M.L., and Liehr, J.G. Possible mechanism of induction of benign
prostatic hyperplasia by estradiol and dihydrotestosterone in dogs. Toxicol Appl Pharm, 136: 211-9, 1996.
Winter, M.L., Weber, J.A. and Gorman, S.E. Multi-center
retrospective evaluation of oral benzocaine exposure in children. Vet Hum Toxicol 42(4): 228-31, 2000.
13. Spiller, H.A., Krenzelok, E.P., Klein-Schwartz, W., Winter, M.L., Weber,
J.A., Sollee, D.R., and Bangh, S.A. Multi-center case series of valproic acid ingestion: serum concentrations and toxicity. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 38(7): 755-60, 2000.
14. Spiller, H.A., Weber, J.A., Winter, M.L., Klein-Schwartz, W., Hofman M.,
Gorman, S.E., Stork, C.M., Krenzelok, E.P. Multi-center case series of pediatric metformin ingestion. Ann Pharmacother 34: 1385-8, 2000.
Winter, M.L., Weber, J.A., Krenzelok, E.P., Anderson, D.L.,
and Ryan, M. Skin breakdown and blisters from senna-containing laxatives in young children. Ann Pharmacother, 37: 636-9, 2003.
Winter, M.L., Ryan, M., Krenzelok, E.P., Anderson, D.L.,
Thompson, M., and Kumar, S. Retrospective evaluation of tiagabine overdose. Clin Toxicol 43(7): 855-9, 2005
17. Spiller, H.A., Lintner, C.P., and Winter, M.L. Atomoxetine ingestions in
children: A report from poison centers. Ann Pharmacother 39: 1045-48, 2005
Winter, M.L., Klein-Schwartz, W., and Bangh, S.A. Efficacy of
activated charcoal administered more than four hours after acetaminophen overdose. J Emerg Med 30:1-5, 2006
19. Winter, M.L. and Snodgrass, W.R. Urine fluorescence in ethylene glycol
poisoning. N Eng J Med 356(19): 2006-7, 2007
Thesis Title: “The effects of testosterone, its metabolites and aminogluthethimide on gonadotropin secretion in the acutely orchidectomized dog”
Faculty Advisor: Richard E. Falvo, Ph.D.
Dissertation Title: “The relationship between steroid induced benign prostatic hyperplasia, and damage to cellular macromolecules”
Faculty Advisor: Joachim G. Liehr, Ph.D.
1. Winter, M.L., Curd-Sneed, C.D., and Snodgrass, W.R. Food Poisoning.
Texas State Poison Center Newsletter, May; 1987.
2. Winter, M.L., Cunningham, K.A., and Snodgrass, W.R. Ecstasy. Texas
State Poison Center Newsletter, May; 1988.
3. Winter, M.L., and Snodgrass, W.R. Methanol. Texas State Poison Center
4. Winter, M.L., and Snodgrass, W.R. Update on pediatric lead (Pb) toxicity.
Texas State Poison Center Newsletter, November; 1991.
5. Winter, M.L., and Cole, J.L. Unleaded Gasoline. MSDS Shell Oil, 1996. 6. Winter, M.L., and Cole, J.L. Corrosives: Acids (hydrochloric, fuming
sulfuric) and Bases (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide). MSDS Shell Oil, 1996.
7. Winter, M.L. and Baker, S.D. Glycol ethers: Ethylene glycol monobutyl
ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. MSDS Shell Oil, 1997.
8. Winter, M.L. and Baker, S.D. Alcohols: Isopropranol, n-butanol, isobutanol,
sec-butyl alcohol, methyl isobutyl carbinol, isononyl alcohol, and diacetone alcohol. MSDS Shell Oil, 1997.
9. Winter, M.L. and Baker, S.D. Oxygenated Solvents: Ketones (methyl ethyl
ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetone, 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one) and Ethers (sec-butyl ether, methyl teriary butyl ether, isopropyl ether). MSDS Shell Oil, 1997.
10. Winter, M.L. and Baker, S.D. Benzene. MSDS Shell Oil, 1997. 11. Winter, M.L. and Baker, S.D. Glycols: Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol.
1. Liehr, J.G., and Winter, M.L. Tumor Prevention by Vitamin C in Animals, in Nutrition and Cancer Prevention, R.R. Watson and S.I. Mufti, eds., CRC Press, Inc, Boca Raton, FL, 1995.
2. Winter, M.L. DEET Encyclopedia of Toxicology, Second Edition, Wexler, P.,
3. Winter, M.L. Dibromochloropropane. Encyclopedia of Toxicology, Second Edition, Wexler, P., Editor-In-Chief, Volume 1, p 793, 2005.
Winter, M.L., Pirmann, J.C., Gill, A.A., and Falvo, R.E. The effects of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, 5α-androstan-3α,17β-diol on plasma luteinizing hormone levels in the acutely orchidectomized dog. The Physiologist 22:134; 1979.
2. Pirmann, J.C., Falvo, R.E., Winter, M.L., Gil, A.A., and Wade, D.R. A new
technique for the in vivo observation of changes in prostatic size in the male mongrel dog. Presented at the Illinois Academy of Science Meeting, Lisle, Illinois, April, 1980.
Gerrity, M., Pirmann, J.C., and Winter, M.L. Testosterone
pretreatment and the response of pituitary LH to exogenous luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. Presented at the Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Society of Andrology, Chicago, Illinois, May, 1980.
Winter, M.L., Hope, W.G., Leggitt, J.L., Ellis, M.D., Roy, D., and Snodgrass, W.R. Urine fluorescence using a Wood's lamp to detect fluorescein: A qualitative adjunct test in suspected ethylene glycol ingestions. Vet Hum Toxicol 28(5): 492; 1985. Winter, M.L., and Liehr, J.G. Oxidative damage to protein in estrogen-induced hamster kidney tumor tissue. Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res 29:150; 1988. Winter, M.L., Roy, D., Liehr, J.G., Randerath, E., and Randerath, K. Covalent DNA modifications and oxidative damage to proteins in estrogen-induced hamster kidney tumor correlate with changes in activities of detoxifying enzymes. Eighth International Congress of Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan, July, 1988. Winter, M.L., and Snodgrass, W.R. Mercurialism from mercurochrome in a premature infant: Urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels. Vet Hum Toxicol 30(4): 371, 1988. Winter, M.L., and Liehr, J.G. Quantification of oxidative damage to proteins in estrogen-treated hamster kidney. Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res 30:129, 1989. Winter, M.L., Nelson, D.A., and Snodgrass, W.R. Industrial exposure to acetone cyanohydrin: Delayed onset cyanide toxicity. Vet Hum Toxicol 31(4): 354, 1989.
10. Winter, M.L., and Liehr, J.G. Free radical damage to cellular proteins in
hormonally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res 31(4): 217, 1990.
11. Marti, R., Winter, M.L., and Snodgrass, W.R. Neurologic sequelae from
manganese (Mn) exposure in a child: Treatment with carbidopa/levodopa. Vet Hum Toxicol 32(4): 343, 1990.
12. Winter, M.L., and Liehr, J.G. Free radical damage to cellular proteins in
hormonally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Free Rad Biol Med 9(S-1): 89, 1990.
13. Spiller, H.A., Ramoska, E.A., Winter, M., and Borys, D. A one year
evaluation of calcium channel blocker overdoses: Toxicity and treatment. Annals Emerg Med 20(4): 489, 1991.
14. Winter, M.L., and Snodgrass, W.R. 3% hydrogen peroxide (H O ) emesis:
A possible alternative if ipecac is not available. Vet Hum Toxicol 33(2): 352 1991.
15. Winter, M.L., Haynes, J.F., and Snodgrass, W.R. Low to moderate hazard
from ammonia inhalant ampules. Vet Hum Toxicol 33(2): 364; 1991.
16. Marti, R., and Winter, M.L. Correlation between acetaminophen (APAP)
serum half-life (t½) and APAP toxicity nomogram as assessment techniques. Vet Hum Toxicol 33(2): 369; 1991.
17. Winter, M.L., Rice, B.S., and Snodgrass, W.R. Seizures and serum
camphor concentration in man. Vet Hum Toxicol 33(2): 375; 1991.
18. Winter, M.L., Diaz, C.F., Hillman G.R., and Snodgrass, W.R. Use of
chronic intermittent oral dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) chelation following elemental mercury (Hg) intravenous injection: A 2 year follow-up. Vet Hum Toxicol 34(4): 339; 1992.
19. Cole, J.L., Winter, M.L., Bellanger-McCleery, R.A., and Snodgrass, W.R.
Incidence of adverse reactions to snake antivenom: A 10 year review. Vet Hum Toxicol 34(4): 342; 1992.
20. Winter, M.L., and Snodgrass W.R. Combination herbal diet preparations
(CHDP): Examples of human toxicity. Vet Hum Toxicol 34(4): 357; 1994.
21. Spiller, H.A., Winter, M.L., Mann, K.V., Borys, D., Campbell, J., Muir, S.
and Krenzelok, E.P. Five-year multicenter retrospective review of cyclobenzaprine toxicity. Vet Hum Toxicol 36(4): 370; 1994.
22. Setzer, S.C., Anderson, D.A., Lawler, R.J., Krenzelok, E.P., Winter, M.,
Vigil, M.K., Smith, K.E., Gualtieri, J.F., and Knutson, J. Acute venlafaxine overdose- A multicenter study. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 33(5): 496, 1995.
23. Rosen, P.B., Parker, R., Letarte, A., Cole, J., Lieber, B., and Winter, M.
Hematologic effects of Crotalid venom: A retrospective case series. Presented at Therapeutic Antibodies: A symposium on Antivenen, Tucson, AZ, January 18, 1996.
24. Winter, M.L. Fatal case of intravenous administration of sucralfate
suspension. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 34(5): 571, 1996.
25. Revolinski, D.H., Spiller, H.A., Weber, J.A., Gorman, S.E., and Winter, M.L. Does 1/2 TSP of benzocaine have to go to the ER? J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 35(5):484-5, 1997.
26. Spiller, H.A., Krenzeolk, E.P., Winter, M., Sollee, D.R., Bangh, S.A.,
Griffith, J.R. Multicenter case series of valproic acid ingestion. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 37(5): 637, 1999.
27. Spiller, H.A., Weber, J., Hofman, M., Sollee, D.R., Winter, M., Klein-
Schwartz, W., Stork, C., Krenzelok, E. Multicenter case series of adult metformin ingestion. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 37(5): 639, 1999.
28. Spiller, H.A., Weber, J., Winter, M., Klein-Schwartz, W., Hofman, M.,
Gorman, S., Krenzelok, E. Multicenter case series of pediatric metformin ingestion. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 37(5): 639-40, 1999.
29. Winter, M.L., Spiller, H.A., Vandenberg, M. Fluorescence as an adjunctive
test in suspected ethylene glycol ingestion. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 39(5): 481, 2001.
30. Spiller, H.A., Winter, M.L., Weber, J.A., Krenzelok, E.P., Anderson, D.A.,
and Ryan, M. Skin breakdown and blisters from senna containing laxative ingestion in small children. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 40(5): 609, 2002.
31. Spiller, H.A., Winter, M.L., Klein-Schwartz, W., and Bangh, S.A. Late
activated charcoal use in acetaminophen overdose. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 41(5): 725, 2003.
32. Spiller, H.A., Winter, M.L., Ryan, M., Krenzelok, E.P., Anderson, D.L.,
Kumar, S. Retrospective evaluation of tiagabine overdose. European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists XXIV
International Congress. Strasbourg, France, June 1-4, 2004, J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 42(4): 450-1, 2004.
33. Spiller, H.A., Lintner, C.P., and Winter, M.L. Atomoxetine (Strattera)
exposure in children. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 42(5): 720, 2004.
34. Jaramillo, J.E., Forrester, M.B., Winter, M.L., Rivera, H.L. and Thompson,
J.D. Hurricane Katrina-related calls to the Texas Poison Center Network. Clin Toxicol 44(5): 676, 2006.
35. Bundens, J.R., Thompson, J.D., Snodgrass, W.R., Rios, J., Yudizky, M.,
Houghton-Insall, C., Farrar, R., Saenz, E., Barrera-Garcia, V., Forrester, M.B., and Winter, M.L. Factors affecting poison center utilization. Clin Toxicol 44(5): 694, 2006.
36. Winter, M.L., Weber M.A., Domonoske, C., and Snodgrass, W.R.
Transplacental acetaminophen exposure with toxic blood levels in a preterm infant. Clin Toxicol 45(6): 625, 2007.
37. Spiller, H.A., Winter, M.L., and Griffith JRK. Benzonatate ingestion
reported to the National Poison Center Database System (NPDS). Clin Toxicol 46(7): 594, 2008.
Incretion Drugs Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 – 2019 Incretion is a process of internal secretion of hormone through endocrine glands. These hormones control the major internal body functions such as digestive activities and movement. Sometimes these hormones are not secreted in an appropriate amount to control internal body functions. W
Thyroid function tests Robin H Mortimer , Professor, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane About 90% of thyroid hormone released is T4 and 10% is T3. In some hyperthyroid states the ratio of T3 to T4 is higher. Both Thyroid disorders can be difficult to detect hormones are co-secreted with thyroglobulin and circul