By Helen Barratt
formerly a lecturer in the Department of
Philosophy at the University of Yale, and
technologies. It is perhaps the ultimate
humanity’s ability to live effectively
– to expand the human ‘healthspan’.
earth’s resources for the benefi t of the
technologies that will constantly repair
imagination to the transhuman being.
a consequence of this ‘Fall’ the work
of fancy, there is a need to defi ne the
difference between ‘therapy’, treating
helplessness and encourage passivity.
‘enhancement’, altering the ‘normal’
driven by a desire to ‘make a name’ for
possibilities – technology that is used
to seize God’s rightful place as creator,
athletes is not.’4 His example appears
for a cure for ageing to be ‘an urgent,
buy into the idea that Homo sapiens
possibility of these greater capacities,
itself is not evil. The Bible directs us
us that Christ came to ‘free those who
all limits to life, intelligence, freedom,
their fear of death.’22 The Bible gives
defi nition of treatment, but more to do
story of man’s Fall in the third chapter
consequences: ‘Ultimately, humans will
technologies. It is perhaps the ultimate
humanity’s ability to live effectively
– to expand the human ‘healthspan’.
earth’s resources for the benefi t of the
technologies that will constantly repair
imagination to the transhuman being.
a consequence of this ‘Fall’ the work
of fancy, there is a need to defi ne the
difference between ‘therapy’, treating
helplessness and encourage passivity.
‘enhancement’, altering the ‘normal’
driven by a desire to ‘make a name’ for
possibilities – technology that is used
to seize God’s rightful place as creator,
athletes is not.’4 His example appears
for a cure for ageing to be ‘an urgent,
buy into the idea that Homo sapiens
possibility of these greater capacities,
itself is not evil. The Bible directs us
us that Christ came to ‘free those who
all limits to life, intelligence, freedom,
their fear of death.’22 The Bible gives
defi nition of treatment, but more to do
story of man’s Fall in the third chapter
consequences: ‘Ultimately, humans will
Eve from the Garden of Eden so they will
References
not be able to eat from the tree of life.
1 Bostrom N. Transhumanist Values. 2000. www.nickbostrom.com/ethics/values.html
Some Christians interpret this as God’s
2 Warwick K. Cyborg 1.0. Wired 8.02. February 2000. www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.02/warwick.html3 Warwick K. I want to be a cyborg. Guardian 2000; January 26.
live forever.23 John Wyatt writes that ‘in
www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,3954989,00.html
God’s providential care of his creation,
4 Kass L. Ageless Bodies, Happy Souls: Biotechnology and the Pursuit of The New Atlantis. Number 1, Spring 2003. pp 9-28.
then, human beings are not meant to live
www.thenewatlantis.com/archive/1/kass.htm
forever in their degraded fallen state. The
5 McKibben B. Enough: Genetic Engineering and the End of Human Nature.
human lifespan is limited, not just as a
6 Fukayama F. Our Posthuman Future: Consequences of the revolution. London: Profi le Books. 2002
7 Silver L. Remaking Eden. London: Weidenfi eld and Nicolson. 1998 8 Alexander, D. Worshipping God with technology.
‘deathists’ who make excuses for our
9 Genesis 1:27-28 10 Genesis 3:16-17 11 Genesis 11:1-9 12 Wyatt J. Matters of Life and Death. Leicester: IVP. 1998, p68 13 Bostrom, N. The Fable of the Dragon-Tyrant. JME 2005; www.nickbostrom.com/fable/dragon.html14 Leviticus 19:32 15 Job 12:12; 32:7
hope in Christ’s victory over it. Also,
16 Galatians 6:2 17 1 Corinthians 15:26 18 Genesis 2:16-17 19 Genesis 3:19 20 Stott J.R.W. The Message of Romans. Leicester: Inter-Varsity 21 Psalm 49:12
resurrection of Jesus Christ. In seeking
22 Hebrews 2:15 23 Genesis 3:22-24 24 Wyatt J. Matters of Life and Death. Leicester: IVP. 1998. p65
promise of the emerging biotechnologies,
25 Genesis 1:26-27 26 Genesis 5:1 27 Bostrom N. et al. The Transhumanist FAQ, v.2.1. World
Transhumanist Association, Willington, CT. 2003. www.transhumanism.org/resources/faq.html
which is sees us as the crowning work of
to creation infl icted by sin and the Fall,
28 Hook C. In Whose Image? Remaking Humanity Through Cybernetics and Nanotechnology. 2002.
www.cbhd.org/resources/biotech/hook_2002-winter.html
and refl ecting his Creator.25 Consequently
29 Grudem W. Bible Doctrine. Leicester:
for the human state and its fi nitude. Past titles in the CMF FILES series: No. 11 The Human Genome
sets human beings apart from the rest of
transhumanist goals are freely available
No. 12 Therapeutic Cloning and Stem Cells No. 13 Do Not Resuscitate Dilemmas
to Christians. God’s desire to provide
No. 14 Genes and Behaviour No. 15 Human Experiments No. 16 Reproductive Cloning
currently present in the world, and gives
No. 17 Resource Allocation No. 18 The Mind-Body Problem No. 19 Advance Directives
‘specieist’, making moral distinctions on
No. 20 Homosexuality No. 21 Sex Selection
the basis of species, particularly between
No. 22 Euthanasia No. 23 Abortion No. 24 Globalisation and Health
than accepting God’s promise of a truly
No. 25 Gender Identity Disorder No. 26 Speciesism No. 27 Neonatal Ethics No. 28 Saviour Siblings No. 29 Autonomy - who chooses? Helen Barratt is a PRHO at Wexham Park No. 30 Quality of life Hospital in Berkshire. In 2004 she was The full set of CMF fi les can be found at:awarded an MA in bioethics at St Mary’s
www.cmf.org.uk or ordered free from CMF.College, Twickenham and completed her thesis on transhumanism and human
This series arose out of discussions within the
Medical Study Group of the Christian Medical Fellowship,
157 Waterloo Road, London, SE1 8XN. Telephone 020 7928 4694.
of Christ. Jesus’ physical resurrection body not only affi rms the general
The series editor is Pete Moore PhD. The views expressed in these papers are not necessarily those of the publisher.
but specifi cally man created in his own
CMF is a Registered Charity, No. 1039823.
Visit www.cmf.org.uk for more information about medical ethics.
a physical body that is described in Genesis 1:31 as ‘very good’.29
Home > Healthy Living > Tobacco > Quit Smoking > Quit Now > First Few Smokefree Days First Few smoke-Free Days the signs oF recovery Nicotine is a very powerful drug. When you quit smoking your body will begin to recuperate from the effects of the nicotine and other chemicals found in tobacco. The signs that your body is recovering start about one to tw