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– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról Treaty of Peace
Between the State of Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
October 26, 1994


PREAMBLE

The Government of the State of Israel and the Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of
Jordan:
Bearing in mind the Washington Declaration , signed by them on 25th July, 1994, and which
they are both committed to honour;
Aiming at the achievement of a just, lasting and comprehensive peace in the Middle East
based an Security Council resolutions 242 and 338 in all their aspects;
Bearing in mind the importance of maintaining and strengthening peace based on freedom,
equality, justice and respect for fundamental human rights, thereby overcoming psychological
barriers and promoting human dignity;
Reaffirming their faith in the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and
recognising their right and obligation to live in peace with each other as well as with all states,
within secure and recognised boundaries;
Desiring to develop friendly relations and co-operation between them in accordance with the
principles of international law governing international relations in time of peace;
Desiring as well to ensure lasting security for both their States and in particular to avoid
threats and the use of force between them;
Bearing in mind that in their Washington Declaration of 25th July, 1994, they declared the
termination of the state of belligerency between them;
Deciding to establish peace between them in accordance with this Treaty of Peace;
Have agreed as follows:
ARTICLE 1

ESTABLISHMENT OF PEACE

Peace is hereby established between the State of Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
(the "Parties") effective from the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty.
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
ARTICLE 2

GENERAL PRINCIPLES

The Parties will apply between them the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and
the principles of international law governing relations among states in times of peace. In
particular:
1. They recognise and will respect each other's sovereignty, territorial integrity and political
independence;
2. They recognise and will respect each other's right to live in peace within secure and
recognised boundaries;
3. They will develop good neighbourly relations of co-operation between them to ensure
lasting security, will refrain from the threat or use of force against each other and will settle
all disputes between them by peaceful means;
4. They respect and recognise the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence
of every state in the region;
5. They respect and recognise the pivotal role of human development and dignity in regional
and bilateral relationships;
6. They further believe that within their control, involuntary movements of persons in such a
way as to adversely prejudice the security of either Party should not be permitted.
ARTICLE 3

INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY

1. The international boundary between Israel and Jordan is delimited with reference to the
boundary definition under the Mandate as is shown in Annex I (a), on the mapping materials
attached thereto and co-ordinates specified therein.
2. The boundary, as set out in Annex I (a), is the permanent, secure and recognised
international boundary between Israel and Jordan, without prejudice to the status of any
territories that came under Israeli military government control in 1967.
3. The parties recognise the international boundary, as well as each other's territory, territorial
waters and airspace, as inviolable, and will respect and comply with them.
4. The demarcation of the boundary will take place as set forth in Appendix (I) to Annex I and
will be concluded not later than nine months after the signing of the Treaty.
5. It is agreed that where the boundary follows a river, in the event of natural changes in the
course of the flow of the river as described in Annex I (a), the boundary shall follow the new
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
course of the flow. In the event of any other changes the boundary shall not be affected unless
otherwise agreed.
6. Immediately upon the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty, each Party
will deploy on its side of the international boundary as defined in Annex I (a).
7. The Parties shall, upon the signature of the Treaty, enter into negotiations to conclude,
within 9 months, an agreement on the delimitation of their maritime boundary in the Gulf of
Aqaba.
8. Taking into account the special circumstances of the Naharayim/Baqura area, which is
under Jordanian sovereignty, with Israeli private ownership rights, the Parties agreed to apply
the provisions set out in Annex I (b).
9. With respect to the Zofar/Al-Ghamr area, the provisions set out in Annex I (c) will apply.
ARTICLE 4

SECURITY

1. a. Both Parties, acknowledging that mutual understanding and co-operation in security-
related matters will form a significant part of their relations and will further enhance the
security of the region, take upon themselves to base their security relations on mutual trust,
advancement of joint interests and co- operation, and to aim towards a regional framework of
partnership in peace.
b. Towards that goal the Parties recognise the achievements of the European Community and
European Union in the development of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in
Europe (CSCE) and commit themselves to the creation, in the Middle East, of a CSCME
(Conference on Security and Co-operation in the Middle East). This commitment entails the
adoption of regional models of security successfully implemented in the post World War era
(along the lines of the Helsinki process) culminating in a regional zone of security and
stability.
2. The obligations referred to in this Article are without prejudice to the inherent right of self-
defence in accordance with the United Nations Charter.
3. The Parties undertake, in accordance with the provisions of this Article, the following:
a. to refrain from the threat or use of force or weapons, conventional, non-conventional or of
any other kind, against each other, or of other actions or activities that adversely affect the
security of the other Party;
b. to refrain from organising, instigating, inciting, assisting or participating in acts or threats
of belligerency, hostility, subversion or violence against the other Party;
c. to take necessary and effective measures to ensure that acts or threats of belligerency,
hostility, subversion or violence against the other Party do not originate from, and are not
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról committed within, through or over their territory (hereinafter the term "territory" includes the airspace and territorial waters). 4. Consistent with the era of peace and with the efforts to build regional security and to avoid and prevent aggression and violence, the Parties further agree to refrain from the following: a. joining or in any way assisting, promoting or co-operating with any coalition, organisation or alliance with a military or security character with a third party, the objectives or activities of which include launching aggression or other acts of military hostility against the other Party, in contravention of the provisions of the present Treaty. b. allowing the entry, stationing and operating on their territory, or through it, of military forces, personnel or materiel of a third party, in circumstances which may adversely prejudice the security of the other Party. 5. Both Parties will take necessary and effective measures, and will co-operate in combating terrorism of all kinds. The Parties undertake: a. to take necessary and effective measures to prevent acts of terrorism, subversion or violence from being carried out from their territory or through it and to take necessary and effective measures to combat such activities and all their perpetrators. b. without prejudice to the basic rights of freedom of expression and association, to take necessary and effective measures to prevent the entry, presence and co-operation in their territory of any group or organisation, and their infrastructure, which threatens the security of the other Party by the use of or incitement to the use of, violent means. c. to co-operate in preventing and combating cross-boundary infiltrations. 6. Any question as to the implementation of this Article will be dealt with through a mechanism of consultations which will include a liaison system, verification, supervision, and where necessary, other mechanisms, and higher level consultation. The details of the mechanism of consultations will be contained in an agreement to be concluded by the Parties within 3 months of the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty. 7. The Parties undertake to work as a matter of priority, and as soon as possible in the context of the Multilateral Working Group on Arms Control and Regional Security, and jointly, towards the following: a. the creation in the Middle East of a region free from hostile alliances and coalitions; b. the creation of a Middle East free from weapons of mass destruction, both conventional and non- conventional, in the context of a comprehensive, lasting and stable peace, characterised by the renunciation of the use of force, reconciliation and goodwill. – Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
ARTICLE 5

DIPLOMATIC AND OTHER BILATERAL RELATIONS

1. The Parties agree to establish full diplomatic and consular relations and to exchange
resident ambassadors within one month of the exchange of the instruments of ratification of
this Treaty.
2. The Parties agree that the normal relationship between them will further include economic
and cultural relations.
ARTICLE 6

WATER

With the view to achieving a comprehensive and lasting settlement of all the water problems
between them:
1. The Parties agree mutually to recognise the rightful allocations of both of them in Jordan
River and Yarmouk River waters and Araba/Arava ground water in accordance with the
agreed acceptable principles, quantities and quality as set out in Annex II , which shall be
fully respected and complied with.
2. The Parties, recognising the necessity to find a practical, just and agreed solution to their
water problems and with the view that the subject of water can form the basis for the
advancement of co- operation between them, jointly undertake to ensure that the management
and development of their water resources do not, in any way, harm the water resources of the
other Party.
3. The Parties recognise that their water resources are not sufficient to meet their needs. More
water should be supplied for their use through various methods, including projects of regional
and international co-operation.
4. In light of paragraph 3 of this Article, with the understanding that co-operation in water-
related subjects would be to the benefit of both Parties, and will help alleviate their water
shortages, and that water issues along their entire boundary must be dealt with in their totality,
including the possibility of trans-boundary water transfers, the Parties agree to search for
ways to alleviate water shortage and to co- operate in the following fields:
a. development of existing and new water resources, increasing the water availability
including co- operation on a regional basis as appropriate, and minimising wastage of water
resources through the chain of their uses;
b. prevention of contamination of water resources;
c. mutual assistance in the alleviation of water shortages;
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
d. transfer of information and joint research and development in water-related subjects, and
review of the potentials for enhancement of water resources development and use.
5. The implementation of both Parties' undertakings under this Article is detailed in Annex II.
ARTICLE 7

ECONOMIC RELATIONS

1. Viewing economic development and prosperity as pillars of peace, security and harmonious
relations between states, peoples and individual human beings, the Parties, taking note of
understandings reached between them, affirm their mutual desire to promote economic co-
operation between them, as well as within the framework of wider regional economic co-
operation.
2. In order to accomplish this goal, the Parties agree to the following:
a. to remove all discriminatory barriers to normal economic relations, to terminate economic
boycotts directed at each other, and to co-operate in terminating boycotts against either Party
by third parties;
b. recognising that the principle of free and unimpeded flow of goods and services should
guide their relations, the Parties will enter into negotiations with a view to concluding
agreements on economic co- operation, including trade and the establishment of a free trade
area, investment, banking, industrial co- operation and labour, for the purpose of promoting
beneficial economic relations, based on principles to be agreed upon, as well as on human
development considerations on a regional basis. These negotiations will be concluded no later
than 6 months from the exchange the instruments of ratification of this Treaty.
c. to co-operate bilaterally, as well as in multilateral forums, towards the promotion of their
respective economies and of their neighbourly economic relations with other regional parties.
ARTICLE 8

REFUGEES AND DISPLACED PERSONS

1. Recognising the massive human problems caused to both Parties by the conflict in the
Middle East, as well as the contribution made by them towards the alleviation of human
suffering, the Parties will seek to further alleviate those problems arising on a bilateral level.
2. Recognising that the above human problems caused by the conflict in the Middle East
cannot be fully resolved on the bilateral level, the Parties will seek to resolve them in
appropriate forums, in accordance with international law, including the following:
a. in the case of displaced persons, in a quadripartite committee together with Egypt and the
Palestinians:
b. in the case of refugees,
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
i. in the framework of the Multilateral Working Group on Refugees; ii. in negotiations, in a
framework to be agreed, bilateral or otherwise, in conjunction with and at the same time as
the permanent status negotiations pertaining to the territories referred to in Article 3 of this
Treaty;
c. through the implementation of agreed United Nations programmes and other agreed
international economic programmes concerning refugees and displaced persons, including
assistance to their settlement.
ARTICLE 9

PLACES OF HISTORICAL AND RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE

1. Each party will provide freedom of access to places of religious and historical significance.
2. In this regard, in accordance with the Washington Declaration, Israel respects the present
special role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in Muslim Holy shrines in Jerusalem. When
negotiations on the permanent status will take place, Israel will give high priority to the
Jordanian historic role in these shrines.
3. The Parties will act together to promote interfaith relations among the three monotheistic
religions, with the aim of working towards religious understanding, moral commitment,
freedom of religious worship, and tolerance and peace.
ARTICLE 10

CULTURAL AND SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGES

The Parties, wishing to remove biases developed through periods of conflict, recognise the
desirability of cultural and scientific exchanges in all fields, and agree to establish normal
cultural relations between them. Thus, they shall, as soon as possible and not later than 9
months from the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty, conclude the
negotiations on cultural and scientific agreements.
ARTICLE 11

MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING AND GOOD NEIGHBOURLY RELATIONS

1. The Parties will seek to foster mutual understanding and tolerance based on shared historic
values, and accordingly undertake:
a. to abstain from hostile or discriminatory propaganda against each other, and to take all
possible legal and administrative measures to prevent the dissemination of such propaganda
by any organisation or individual present in the territory of either Party;
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
b. as soon as possible, and not later than 3 months from the exchange of the instruments of
ratification of this Treaty, to repeal all adverse or discriminatory references and expressions of
hostility in their respective legislation;
c. to refrain in all government publications from any such references or expressions;
d. to ensure mutual enjoyment by each other's citizens of due process of law within their
respective legal systems and before their courts.
2. Paragraph 1 (a) of this Article is without prejudice to the right to freedom of expression as
contained in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
3. A joint committee shall be formed to examine incidents where one Party claims there has
been a violation of this Article.
ARTICLE 12

COMBATING CRIME AND DRUGS

The Parties will co-operate in combating crime, with an emphasis on smuggling, and will take
all necessary measures to combat and prevent such activities as the production of, as well as
the trafficking in illicit drugs, and will bring to trial perpetrators of such acts. In this regard,
they take note of the understandings reached between them in the above spheres, in
accordance with Annex III and undertake to conclude all relevant agreements not later than 9
months from the date of the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty.
ARTICLE 13

TRANSPORTATION AND ROADS

Taking note of the progress already made in the area of transportation, the Parties recognise
the mutuality of interest in good neighbourly relations in the area of transportation and agree
to the following means to promote relations between them in this sphere:
1. Each party will permit the free movement of nationals and vehicles of the other into and
within its territory according to the general rules applicable to nationals and vehicles of other
states. Neither party will impose discriminatory taxes or restrictions on the free movement of
persons and vehicles from its territory to the territory of the other.
2. The Parties will open and maintain roads and border-crossings between their countries and
will consider further road and rail links between them.
3. The Parties will continue their negotiations concerning mutual transportation agreements in
the above and other areas, such as joint projects, traffic safety, transport standards and norms,
licensing of vehicles, land passages, shipment of goods and cargo, and meteorology, to be
concluded not later than 6 months from the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this
Treaty.
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
4. The Parties agree to continue their negotiations for a highway to be constructed and
maintained between Egypt, Israel and Jordan near Eilat.
ARTICLE 14

FREEDOM OF NAVIGATION AND ACCESS TO PORTS

1. Without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph 3, each Party recognises the right of the
vessels of the other Party to innocent passage through its territorial waters in accordance with
the rules of international law.
2. Each Party will grant normal access to its ports for vessels and cargoes of the other, as well
as vessels and cargoes destined for or coming from the other Party. Such access will be
granted on the same conditions as generally applicable to vessels and cargoes of other nations.
3. The Parties consider the Strait of Tiran and the Gulf of Aqaba to be international waterways
open to all nations for unimpeded and non-suspendable freedom of navigation and overflight.
The Parties will respect each other's right to navigation and overflight for access to either
Party through the Strait of Tiran and the Gulf of Aqaba.
ARTICLE 15

CIVIL AVIATION

1. The Parties recognise as applicable to each other the rights, privileges and obligations
provided for by the multilateral aviation agreements to which they are both party, particularly
by the 1944 Convention on International Civil Aviation (The Chicago Convention) and the
1944 International Air Services Transit Agreement.
2. Any declaration of national emergency by a Party under Article 89 of the Chicago
Convention will not be applied to the other Party on a discriminatory basis.
3. The Parties take note of the negotiations on the international air corridor to be opened
between them in accordance with the Washington Declaration. In addition, the Parties shall,
upon ratification of this Treaty, enter into negotiations for the purpose of concluding a Civil
Aviation Agreement. All the above negotiations are to be concluded not later than 6 months
from the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty.
ARTICLE 16

POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS

The Parties take note of the opening between them, in accordance with the Washington
Declaration, of direct telephone and facsimile lines. Postal links, the negotiations on which
having been concluded, will be activated upon the signature of this Treaty. The Parties further
agree that normal wireless and cable communications and television relay services by cable,
radio and satellite, will be established between them, in accordance with all relevant
international conventions and regulations. The negotiations on these subjects will be
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
concluded not later than 9 months from the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this
Treaty.
ARTICLE 17

TOURISM

The Parties affirm their mutual desire to promote co-operation between them in the field of
tourism. In order to accomplish this goal, the Parties -- taking note of the understandings
reached between them concerning tourism -- agree to negotiate, as soon as possible, and to
conclude not later than three months from the exchange of the instruments of ratification of
this Treaty, an agreement to facilitate and encourage mutual tourism and tourism from third
countries.
ARTICLE 18

ENVIRONMENT

The Parties will co-operate in matters relating to the environment, a sphere to which they
attach great importance, including conservation of nature and prevention of pollution, as set
forth in Annex IV . They will negotiate an agreement on the above, to be concluded not later
than 6 months from the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty.
ARTICLE 19

ENERGY

1. The Parties will co-operate in the development of energy resources, including the
development of energy-related projects such as the utilisation of solar energy.
2. The Parties, having concluded their negotiations on the interconnecting of their electric
grids in the Eilat-Aqaba area, will implement the interconnecting upon the signature of this
Treaty. The Parties view this step as a part of a wider binational and regional concept. They
agree to continue their negotiations as soon as possible to widen the scope of their
interconnected grids.
3. The Parties will conclude the relevant agreements in the field of energy within 6 months
from the date of exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty.
ARTICLE 20

RIFT VALLEY DEVELOPMENT

The Parties attach great importance to the integrated development of the Jordan Rift Valley
area, including joint projects in the economic, environmental, energy-related and tourism
fields. Taking note of the Terms of Reference developed in the framework of the Trilateral
Israel-Jordan-US Economic Committee towards the Jordan Rift Valley Development Master
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
Plan, they will vigorously continue their efforts towards the completion of planning and
towards implementation.
ARTICLE 21

HEALTH

The Parties will co-operate in the area of health and shall negotiate with a view to the
conclusion of an agreement within 9 months of the exchange of instruments of ratification of
this Treaty.
ARTICLE 22

AGRICULTURE

The Parties will co-operate in the areas of agriculture, including veterinary services, plant
protection, biotechnology and marketing, and shall negotiate with a view to the conclusion of
an agreement within 6 months from the date of the exchange of instruments of ratification of
this Treaty.
ARTICLE 23

AQABA AND EILAT

The Parties agree to enter into negotiations, as soon as possible, and not later than one month
from the exchange of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty, on arrangements that
would enable the joint development of the towns of Aqaba and Eilat with regard to such
matters, inter alia, as joint tourism development, joint customs, free trade zone, co-operation
in aviation, prevention of pollution, maritime matters, police, customs and health co-
operation. The Parties will conclude all relevant agreements within 9 months from the
exchange of instruments of ratification of the Treaty.
ARTICLE 24

CLAIMS

The Parties agree to establish a claims commission for the mutual settlement of all financial
claims.
ARTICLE 25

RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS

1. This Treaty does not affect and shall not be interpreted as affecting, in any way, the rights
and obligations of the Parties under the Charter of the United Nations.
2. The Parties undertake to fulfil in good faith their obligations under this Treaty, without
regard to action or inaction of any other party and independently of any instrument
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
inconsistent with this Treaty. For the purposes of this paragraph each Party represents to the
other that in its opinion and interpretation there is no inconsistency between their existing
treaty obligations and this Treaty.
3. They further undertake to take all the necessary measures for the application in their
relations of the provisions of the multilateral conventions to which they are parties, including
the submission of appropriate notification to the Secretary General of the United Nations and
other depositories of such conventions.
4. Both Parties will also take all the necessary steps to abolish all pejorative references to the
other Party, in multilateral conventions to which they are parties, to the extent that such
references exist.
5. The Parties undertake not to enter into any obligation in conflict with this Treaty.
6. Subject to Article 103 of the United Nations Charter, in the event of a conflict between the
obligations of the Parties under the present Treaty and any of their other obligations, the
obligations under this Treaty will be binding and implemented.
ARTICLE 26

LEGISLATION

Within 3 months of the exchange of ratifications of this Treaty the Parties undertake to enact
any legislation necessary in order to implement the Treaty, and to terminate any international
commitments and to repeal any legislation that is inconsistent with the Treaty.

ARTICLE 27

RATIFICATION

1. This Treaty shall be ratified by both Parties in conformity with their respective national
procedures. It shall enter into force on the exchange of instruments of ratification.
2. The Annexes, Appendices, and other attachments to this Treaty shall be considered integral
parts thereof.
ARTICLE 28

INTERIM MEASURES

The Parties will apply, in certain spheres, to be agreed upon, interim measures pending the
conclusion of the relevant agreements in accordance with this Treaty, as stipulated in Annex
V .
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról
ARTICLE 29

SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES

1. Disputes arising out of the application or interpretation of this Treaty shall be resolved by
negotiations.
2. Any such disputes which cannot be settled by negotiations shall be resolved by conciliation
or submitted to arbitration.
ARTICLE 30

REGISTRATION

This Treaty shall be transmitted to the Secretary General of the United Nations for registration
in accordance with the provisions of Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
Done at the Arava/Araba Crossing Point this day Heshvan 21st, 5775, Jumada Al-Ula 21st,
1415 which corresponds to 26th October, 1994 in the Hebrew, English and Arabic languages,
all texts being equally authentic. In case of divergence of interpretation the English text shall
prevail.
For the State of Israel
Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister
For the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Abdul Salam Majali, Prime Minister
Witnessed by:
William J. Clinton
President of the United States of America
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról Annex I (a)

Israel-Jordan International Boundary Delimitation and Demarcation

1. It is agreed that, in accordance with Article 3 of the Treaty, the international boundary
between the two states consists of the following sectors:
A. The Jordan and Yarmouk Rivers B. The Dead Sea C. The Emek Ha'arva/Wadi Araba D.
The Gulf of Aqaba
2. The boundary is delimited as follows:
A. Jordan and Yarmouk Rivers:

1. The boundary line shall follow the middle of the main course of the flow of the Jordan and
Yarmouk Rivers.
2. The boundary line shall follow natural changes (accretion or erosion) in the course of the
rivers unless otherwise agreed. Artificial changes in or of the course of the rivers shall not
affect the location of the boundary unless otherwise agreed. No artificial changes may be
made except by agreement between both Parties.
3. In the event of a future sudden natural change in or of the course of the rivers (avulsion or
cutting of new bed) the Joint Boundary Commission (Article 3 below) shall meet as soon as
possible, to decide on necessary measures, which may include physical restoration of the prior
location of the river course.
4. The boundary line in the two rivers is shown on the 1:10,000 orthophoto maps dated 1994
(Appendix III attached to this Annex).
5. Adjustment to the boundary line in any of the rivers due to natural changes (accretion or
erosion) shall be carried out whenever it is deemed necessary by the Joint Boundary
Commission or once every five years.
6. The lines defining the special Naharayim/Baqura area are shown on the 1:10,000
orthophoto map (Appendix IV attached to this Annex).
7. The orthophoto maps and image maps showing the line separating Jordan from the territory
that came under Israeli Military government control in 1967 shall have that line indicated in a
different presentation and the legend shall carry on it the following disclaimer: "This line is
the administrative boundary between Jordan and the territory which came under Israeli
military government control in 1967. Any treatment of this line shall be without prejudice to
the status of the territory."
B. Dead Sea and Salt Pans

The boundary line is shown on the 1:50000 image maps (2 sheets, Appendix II attached to
this Annex). The list of geographic and Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates of
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról this boundary line shall be based on Israel Jordan Boundary Datum (IJBD 1994) and, when completed and agreed upon by both parties, this list of coordinates shall be binding and take precedence over the maps as to the location of the boundary line in the Dead Sea and the salt pans. C. Emek Ha'arava/Wadi Araba 1. The boundary line is shown on the 1:20,000 orthophoto maps (10 sheets, Appendix I attached to this Annex). 2. The land boundary shall be demarcated, under a joint boundary demarcation procedure, by boundary pillars which will be jointly located, erected, measured and documented on the basis of the boundary shown in the 1:20,000 orthophoto maps referred to in Article 2-C-(1) above. Between each two adjacent boundary pillars the boundary line shall follow a straight line. 3. The boundary pillars shall be defined in a list of geographic and UTM coordinates based on a joint boundary datum (IJBD 94) to be agreed upon by the Joint Team of Experts appointed by the two parties (hereinafter the JTE) using joint Global Positioning System (GPS) Measurements. The list of coordinates shall be prepared, signed and approved by both parties as soon as possible and not later than 9 months after this Treaty enters into force and shall become part of this Annex. This list of geographic and UTM coordinates when completed and agreed upon by both parties shall be binding and shall take precedence over the maps as to the location of the boundary line of this sector. 4. The boundary pillars shall be maintained by both Parties in accordance with a procedure to be agreed upon. The coordinates in article 2-C-(3) above shall be used to reconstruct boundary pillars in case they are damaged, destroyed or displaced. 5. The line defining the Zofar/Al-Ghamr area is shown on the 1:20,000 Emek Ha'arava/Wadi Araba orthophoto map (Appendix V attached to the Annex). D. The Gulf of Aqaba The parties shall act in accordance with Article 3.7 of the Treaty. 3. Joint Boundary Commission A. For the purpose of the implementation of this annex, the Parties will establish a Joint Boundary Commission comprised of three members from each country. B. The Commission will, with the approval of the respective governments, specify its work procedures, the frequency of its meetings, and the details of its scope of work. The Commission may invite experts and/or advisors as may be required. C. The Commission may form, as it deems necessary, specialized teams or committees and assign to them technical tasks. – Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról Annex I (b)

The Nahrayimba/Baqura area

1. The two Parties agree that a special regime will apply to the Naharayim/Baqura area ("the
area") on a temporary basis, as set out in this Annex. For the purpose of this Annex the area is
detailed in Appendix IV.
2. Recognising that in the area which is under Jordan's sovereignty with Israeli private land
ownership rights and property interests ("land owners") in the land comprising the area ("the
land") Jordan undertakes:
a. to grant without charge unimpeded freedom of entry to, exit from land usage and movement
within the area to the land-owners and to their invitees or employees and to allow the land-
owners freely to dispose of their land in accordance with applicable Jordanian law;
b. not to apply its customs or immigration legislation to land-owners, their invitees or
employees crossing from Israel directly to the area for the purpose of gaining access to the
land for agricultural or any agreed purposes;
c. not to impose discriminatory taxes or charges with regard to the land or activities within the
area;
d. to take all necessary measures to protect and prevent harassment of or harm to any person
entering the area under this Annex;
e. to permit with the minimum of formality, uniformed officers of the Israeli police force
access to the area for the purpose of investigating crime or dealing with other incidents solely
involving the landowners, their invitees or employees.
3. Recognising Jordanian sovereignty over the area, Israel undertakes:
a. not to carry out or allow to be carried out in the area activities prejudicial to the peace or
security of Jordan;
b. not to allow any person entering the area under this Annex (other than the uniformed
officers referred to in paragraph 2(e) of this Annex) to carry weapons of any kind in the area;
unless authorized by the licensing authorities in Jordan after being processed by the liaison
committee referred to in Article 8 of this Annex.
c. not to allow the dumping of wastes from outside the area into the area.
4. a. Subject to this Annex, Jordanian law will apply to this area.
b. Israeli law applying to the extra territorial activities of Israelis may be applied to Israelis
and their activities in the area, and Israel may take measures in the area to enforce such laws.
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról c. Having regard to this Annex, Jordan will not apply its criminal laws to activities in the area which involve only Israeli nationals. 5. In the event of any joint projects to be agreed and developed by the parties in the area the terms of this Annex may be altered for the purpose of the joint project by agreement between the Parties at any time. One of the options to be discussed in the context of the joint projects would be the establishment of a Free-Trade Zone. 6. Without prejudice to private rights of ownership of land within the area, this Annex will remain in force for 25 years, and shall be renewed automatically for the same periods, unless one year prior notice of termination is given by either Party, in which case, at the request of either Party, consultations shall be entered into. 7. In addition to the requirement referred to in Article 4 (a) of this Annex, the acquisition of land in the area by persons who are not Israeli citizens shall take place only with the prior approval of Jordan. 8. An Israeli-Jordanian Liaison Committee is hereby established in order to deal with all matters arising under this Annex. Annex I (c)

The Zofar/Al-Ghamr area

1. The two Parties agree that a special regime will apply to the Zofar/ Al-Ghamr area ("the
area") on a temporary basis, as set out in this Annex. For the purpose of this Annex the area is
in Appendix V.
2. Recognising that in the area which is under Jordan's sovereignty with Israeli private land
use rights ("land owners") in the land comprising the area ("the land") Jordan undertakes:
a. to grant without charge unimpeded freedom of entry to, exit from land usage and movement
within the area to the land-owners and to their invitees or employees and to allow the land-
owners freely to dispose of their land in accordance with applicable Jordanian law;
b. not to apply its customs or immigration legislation to land-owners, their invitees or
employees crossing from Israel directly to the area for the purpose of gaining access to the
land for agricultural or any agreed purposes;
c. not to impose discriminatory taxes or charges with regard to the land or activities within the
area;
d. to take all necessary measures to protect and prevent harassment of or harm to any person
entering the area under this Annex;
e. to permit with the minimum of formality, uniformed officers of the Israeli police force
access to the area for the purpose of investigating crime or dealing with other incidents solely
involving the landowners, their invitees or employees.
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról 3. Recognising Jordanian sovereignty over the area, Israel undertakes: a. not to carry out or allow to be carried out in the area activities prejudicial to the peace or security of Jordan; b. not to allow any person entering the area under this Annex (other than the uniformed officers referred to in paragraph 2 (e) of this Annex) to carry weapons of any kind in the area; unless authorized by the licensing authorities in Jordan after being processed by the liaison committee referred to in Article 8 of this Annex. c. not to allow the dumping of wastes from outside the area into the area. 4. a. Subject to this Annex, Jordanian law will apply to this area. b. Israeli law applying to the extra territorial activities of Israel may be applied to Israelis and their activities in the area, and Israel may take measures in the area to enforce such laws. c. Having regard to this Annex, Jordan will not apply its criminal laws to activities in the area which involve only Israeli nationals. 5. In the event of any joint projects to be agreed and developed by the parties in the area the terms of this Annex amy be altered for the purpose of the joint project by agreement between the Parties at any time. 6. Without prejudice to private rights of use of land within the area, this Annex will remain in force for 25 years, and shall be renewed automatically for the same periods, unless one year prior notice of termination is given by either Party, in which case, at the request of either Party, consultations shall be entered into. 7. In addition to the requirement referred to in Article 4 (a) of this Annex, the acquisition of land in the area by persons who are not Israeli citizens shall take place only with the prior approval of Jordan. 8. An Israeli-Jordanian Liaison Committee is hereby established in order to deal with all matters arising under this Annex. – Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról Water Related Matters

Article I: Allocation

1. Water from the Yarmouk River
a. Summer period - 15th May to 15th October of each year. Israel pumps (12) MCM and
Jordan gets the rest of the flow.
b. Winter period - 16th October to 14th May of each year. Israel pumps (13) MCM and Jordan
is entitled to the rest of the flow subject to provisions outlined hereinbelow: Jordan concedes
to Israel pumping an additional (20) MCM from the Yarmouk in winter in return for Israel
conceding to transferring to Jordan during the summer period the quantity specified in
paragraphs (2.a) below from the Jordan River.
c. In order that waste of water will be minimized, Israel and Jordan may use, downstream of
point 121/Adassiya Diversion, excess flood water that is not usable and will evidently go to
waste unused.
2. Water from the Jordan River
a. Summer period - 15th May to 15th October of each year. In return for the additional water
that Jordan concedes to Israel in winter in accordance with paragraph (1.b) above, Israel
concedes to transfer to Jordan in the summer period (20) MCM from the Jordan River directly
upstream from Deganya gates on the river. Jordan shall pay the operation and maintenance
cost of such transfer through existing systems (not including capital cost) and shall bear the
total cost of any new transmission system. A separate protocol shall regulate this transfer.
b. Winter period - 16th October to 14th May of each year. Jordan is entitled to store for its use
a minimum average of (20) MCM of the floods in the Jordan River south of its confluence
with the Yarmouk (as outlined in Article II below). Excess floods that are not usable and that
will otherwise be wasted can be utilised for the benefit of the two Parties including pumped
storage off the course of the river.
c. In addition to the above, Israel is entitled to maintain its current uses of the Jordan River
waters between its confluence with the Yarmouk and its confluence with Tirat Zvi/Wadi
Yabis. Jordan is entitled to an annual quantity equivalent to that of Israel, provided however,
that Jordan's use will not harm the quantity or quality of the above Israeli uses. The Joint
Water Committee (outlined in Article VII below) will survey existing uses for documentation
and prevention of appreciable harm.
d. Jordan is entitled to an annual quantity of (10) MCM of desalinated water from the
desalination of about (20) MCM of saline springs now diverted to the Jordan River. Israel will
explore the possibility of financing the operation and maintenance cost of the supply to Jordan
of this desalinated water (not including capital cost). Until the desalination facilities are
operational, and upon the entry into force of the Treaty, Israel will supply Jordan (10) MCM
– Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról of Jordan River water from the same location as in (2.a) above, outside the summer period and during dates Jordan selects, subject to the maximum capacity of transmission. 3. Additional Water Israel and Jordan shall cooperate in finding sources for the supply to Jordan of an additional quantity of (50) MCM/year of water of drinkable standards. To this end, the Joint Water Committee will develop, within one year from the entry into force of the Treaty, a plan for the supply to Jordan of the abovementioned additional water. This plan will be forwarded to the respective governments for discussion and decision. 4. Operation and Maintenance a. Operation and maintenance of the systems on Israeli territory that supply Jordan with water, and their electricity supply, shall be Israel's responsibility. The operation and maintenance of the new systems that serve only Jordan will be contracted at Jordan's expense to authorities or companies selected by Jordan. b. Israel will guarantee easy unhindered access of personnel and equipment to such new systems for operation and maintenance. This subject will be further detailed in the agreements to be signed between Israel and the authorities or companies selected by Jordan. Article II: Storage 1. Israel and Jordan shall cooperate to build a diversion/storage dam on the Yarmouk River directly downstream of the point 121/Adassiya Diversion. The purpose is to improve the diversion efficiency into the King Abdullah Canal of the water allocation of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and possibly for the diversion of Israel's allocation of the river water. Other purposes can be mutually agreed. 2. Israel and Jordan shall cooperate to build a system of water storage on the Jordan River, along their common boundary, between its confluence with the Yarmouk River and its confluence with Tirat Zvi/ Wadi Yabis, in order to implement the provision of paragraph (2.b) of Article I above. The storage system can also be made to accommodate more floods; Israel may use up to (3) MCM/year of added storage capacity. 3. Other storage reservoirs can be discussed and agreed upon mutually. Article III: Water Quality and Protection 1. Israel and Jordan each undertake to protect, within their own jurisdiction, the shared waters of the Jordan and Yarmouk Rivers, and Arava/Araba groundwater, against any pollution, contamination, harm or unauthorized withdrawals of each other's allocations. 2. For this purpose, Israel and Jordan will jointly monitor the quality of water along their boundary, by use of jointly established monitoring stations to be operated under the guidance of the Joint Water Committee. – Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról 3. Israel and Jordan will each prohibit the disposal of municipal and industrial wastewater into the course of the Yarmouk or the Jordan Rivers before they are treated to standards allowing their unrestricted agricultural use. Implementation of this prohibition shall be completed within three years from the entry into force of the Treaty. 4. The quality of water supplied from one country to the other at any given location shall be equivalent to the quality of the water used from the same location by the supplying country. 5. Saline springs currently diverted to the Jordan River are earmarked for desalination within four years. Both countries shall cooperate to ensure that the resulting brine will not be disposed of in the Jordan River or in any of its tributaries. 6. Israel and Jordan will each protect water systems in its own territory, supplying water to the other, against any pollution, contamination, harm or unauthorised withdrawal of each other's allocations. Article IV: Groundwater in Emek Ha'arava/Wadi Araba 1. In accordance with the provisions of this Treaty, some wells drilled and used by Israel along with their associated systems fall on the Jordanian side of the borders. These wells and systems are under Jordan's sovereignty. Israel shall retain the use of these wells and systems in the quantity and quality detailed an Appendix to this Annex, that shall be jointly prepared by 31st December, 1994. Neither country shall take, nor cause to be taken, any measure that may appreciably reduce the yields of quality of these wells and systems. 2. Throughout the period of Israel's use of these wells and systems, replacement of any well that may fail among them shall be licensed by Jordan in accordance with the laws and regulations then in effect. For this purpose, the failed well shall be treated as though it was drilled under license from the competent Jordanian authority at the time of its drilling. Israel shall supply Jordan with the log of each of the wells and the technical information about it to be kept on record. The replacement well shall be connected to the Israeli electricity and water systems. 3. Israel may increase the abstraction rate from wells and systems in Jordan by up to (10) MCM/year above the yields referred to in paragraph 1 above, subject to a determination by the Joint Water Committee that this undertaking is hydrogeologically feasible and does not harm existing Jordanian uses. Such increase is to be carried out within five years from the entry into force of the Treaty. 4. Operation and Maintenance a. Operation and maintenance of the wells and systems on Jordanian territory that supply Israel with water, and their electricity supply shall be Jordan's responsibility. The operation and maintenance of these wells and systems will be contracted at Israel's expense to authorities or companies selected by Israel. – Politikai, közéleti portál Izrael Államról b. Jordan will guarantee easy unhindered access of personnel and equipment to such wells and systems for operation and maintenance. This subject will be further detailed in the agreements to be signed between Jordan and the authorities or companies selected by Israel. Article V: Notification and Agreement 1. Artificial changes in or of the course of the Jordan and Yarmouk Rivers can only be made by mutual agreement. 2. Each country undertakes to notify the other, six months ahead of time, of any intended projects which are likely to change the flow of either of the above rivers along their common boundary, or the quality of such flow. The subject will be discussed in the Joint Water Committee with the aim of preventing harm and mitigating adverse impacts such projects may cause. Article VI: Co-operation 1. Israel and Jordan undertake to exchange relevant data on water resources through the Joint Water Committee. 2. Israel and Jordan shall co-operate in developing plans for purposes of increasing water supplies and improving water use efficiency, within the context of bilateral, regional or international cooperation. Article VII: Joint Water Committee 1. For the purpose of the implementation of this Annex, the Parties will establish a Joint Water Committee comprised of three members from each country. 2. The Joint Water Committee will, with the approval of the respective governments, specify its work procedures, the frequency of its meetings, and the details of its scope of work. The Committee may invite experts and/or advisors as may be required. 3. The Committee may form, as it deems necessary, a number of specialized sub-committees and assign them technical tasks. In this context, it is agreed that these sub-committees will include a northern sub- committee and a southern sub-committee, for the management on the ground of the mutual water resources in these sectors.

Source: http://www.magen.hu/ufile/aspage/.of.peace.israel_jordan_1994.pdf